Подходы и перспективы в изучении периода династии Афригидов в зарубежной историографии

Аннотация

This article provides an in-depth analysis of the factors that sparked the interest of foreign scholars in studying the history of the Afrighid dynasty, which ruled the Khorezm region (Uzbekistan) from the 4th to the 10th centuries, examines the evolution of approaches and perspectives in foreign scholarship on this topic, highlighting the key research directions and challenges encountered by scholars. The article also critically assesses the achievements and shortcomings of these researchers, contributing to a deeper understanding of the Afrighid dynasty and its historical significance. Intorduction. It is natural that the history of the Uzbek people and statehood has been consistently studied abroad to varying degrees for many years. This is due to the fact that our national development has always had a noticeable, and at certain stages, even decisive impact on the development of the entire region. This factor is particularly evident in the case of neighboring countries and regions. In this sense, it can be asserted that the study of the history of the Afrighid period by foreign scholars is an inevitable endeavor. he Afrighid dynasty (4th-10th centuries) represents one of the most complex and under-researched periods in the history of Khwarezm. This era was marked by significant shifts in the international political landscape and the emergence of new powers. Notably, during this period, states such as the Sassanids, Hephthalites, Turkic Khaganate, Arab Caliphate, Tahirids, and Samanids existed, and Khwarezm, under the Afrighid dynasty, continued its activities under the influence of various external forces. Our previous research has shown that many valuable historical records of Khwarezm were lost as a result of the Arab invasions. This, in turn, makes it difficult to study the political, socio-economic, and cultural life of the Afrighid dynasty. For this reason, this period remains one of the least studied and problematic topics in the history of Khwarezm.[16,17,18] Method. The research will culminate in a comprehensive analysis of how foreign historians have approached and interpreted the Afrighid dynasty period, highlighting the key trends, debates, and challenges in the field. It will also identify potential areas for future research and contribute to a deeper understanding of this important but often overlooked period in Central Asian history. The methodology is structured as follows: 1. Comprehensive Literature Review: This will involve examining primary and seconary sources from the Afrighid period, including Chinese, Pahlavi, Syriac, Armenian, and Arabo-Persian sources and any surviving chronicles, inscriptions, coins, or archaeological artifacts. 2. Historiographical Analysis: The literature review will be analyzed to identify recurring themes, arguments, and methodologies in the study of the Afrighid period and different approaches and perspectives identified will be compared and contrasted to highlight their strengths and weaknesses, and to understand the evolution of historiographical thought on the Afrighids. Also, the existing historiography will be critically evaluated to assess its objectivity, potential biases, and any gaps in knowledge or understanding. 1 PhD student, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Institute of History, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Vol. 52 (2024): Miasto Przyszłości +62 811 2928008 Miasto Przyszłości 236 Kielce 2024 Results and Discussion. Foreign research has primarily focused on exploring specific problematic issues within the Afrighid dynasty period, encompassing the following areas: 1) Divergent approaches regarding the origins of the dynasty; 2) Varying perspectives on the nomenclature of the dynasty; 3) The extent of influence exerted by the Kushan and Sassanid empires on the dynasty4) The political status of the Afrighids during the Arab conquest. The initial research pertinent to this matter was conducted in the 1740s by the French Orientalist J. De Guignes. In his treatise "Historical Memoirs on the Origin of the Huns and the Turks" and his work "General History of the Huns, Turks, Mongols, and other Western Tatars," the researcher utilized Chinese sources to investigate the ancient and medieval periods of Turanian history [11]. Another French Orientalist, A. Remusat, also drew upon Chinese sources to address issues such as the origins of the Khwarezmian rulers, their connection to the Zhou dynasty, and the economic and political relations between Khwarezm and the Han, Wei, and Sui dynasties. This scholar commented on both the strengths and weaknesses of Chinese sources, noting problems such as the existence of various versions of geographical place names in Western language translations and the lack of complete translations.[19] Among the early research conducted in English, one can cite the works of H. Lansdell, de Gues, and Le.G. Strange, which primarily focus on the names of cities located in the Khwarezm oasis, the routes leading to the region,