Роль гендера в составных словах, описывающих внешность человека

Аннотация

Ключевые слова: В статье анализируется гендерный фактор в описании гендерная лингвистика, внешности и характера человека, который в составных гендерно маркированное словах приобретает особое значение в английском и слово, узбекском языках. Гендерно маркированные составные стилистически маркированное слово, слова, описывающие характер и внешность человека в когнитивно- художественной литературе, рассматриваются с концептуально значимое нравственной и поведенческой точки зрения, основываясь слово, составные слова. на таких ценностях, как хороший – плохой, доброе – злое, красивое – уродливое. В ходе анализа выявлены гендерно маркированные составные слова, описывающие характер и внешность мужчин в положительном и отрицательном оценочном контексте. One of the first works on gender linguistics, was the work of Jespersen "The Language". In his work there is the chapter named "The Woman" and there is no the Chapter named "The Man", because women's language is marked, and the male – relevant literary norm. English dictionary words about women mostly negative assessment. So, in the dictionary, Roget in category "untidy" all words belong to the woman, slut, frump, bitch, and others. In the same category education – all the words of men, but two, expressing a claim on education: pedantess, bluestocking. Women self-evaluation, focus on internal, personal qualities (refinement, charm, wit, sophistication, gentleness, wisdom, balance, uniqueness, courtesy, tact and the like), while men mostly appreciate women on external data (beauty, hair, legs, love, bed, sex, eyes, model, shape, veiling). In this research, gender-marked vocabulary followed by D. U. Ashurova understood the words contained in its semantic structure of the word edificatory – man, woman, girl, boy. It is important to note that "as part of stylistic methods of gender-marked words in the stylistic transformations becomes stylistically infected. Moreover, in the context of artistic works gender and stylistically marked words acquires cognitive-conceptual significance. This allows us to derive the following significance: a gender-marked word -stylistically-labelled word -cognitive-conceptual significant word". Our observations and observations of other researchers can establish that men are more receptive to the new language in their speech more neologisms terms. Speech women are more neutral and static, in her vocabulary is more often obsolete words and phrases. Women it is much more emotional, resulting in more frequent use of interjections, metaphors, similes, epithets, figurative words. In its lexicon more words describing feelings, emotions, psychophysiological state. Women tend to use euphemisms. They try to avoid elements familiarity, called names, nicknames, invective vocabulary. The study showed that the studied compound words from the point of view of gender characteristics are divided into six types: 167 Xorijiy lingvistika va lingvodidaktika – Зарубежная лингвистика и лингводидактика – Foreign Linguistics and Linguodidactics Issue – 2 № 4 (2024) / ISSN 2181-3701 Table № 1 Gender unmarked compound words gender unmarked compound words descr ibing the appearance of the person describing the appearance of the person baby-faced // мўрчамиён broad-minded // соддадил Compound words Compound words describing the describing women Appearance Character character of app earance women blue mild-tempered // stocking // гулчеҳра фисқ-фасодчи Compound words describing men Compound words describing the appearance character of men b ald-coot // хушмўйлов, оқсоқол bitter-ender // лаганбардор 1)compound words describing men appearance in English and Uzbek languages: In English, bald-coot – (with little or no hair on your head: a bald spot on the top of his head; go bald (lose your hair) I started going bald in my twenties. (MAC. p. 99)); bald- faced – (mainly American used for emphasizing that someone who does something bad is not ashamed or does not try to do it secretly – blatant: a bald-faced lie. (MAC. p. 99)); barrel-bellied – (a man who is barrel-bellied has a wide waist. (MAC. p. 106)); bullet-head – (having a small, round head. (AS Hornby OALD of Current English. Volume I p. 111)); camel-back – (a man who is hunched); clod-hopper – (clumsy, heavy-footed person, a rough farm worker. (AS Hornby OALD of Current English. Volume I p. 155)); face-fungus – (beard and moustaches); fat-guts – (a man who has too much flesh on his body and weights too much. (MAC. p. 539)); grey-haired – (a person whose hair is greying or becoming white. (MAC. p. 661)); lack-beard – (without beard-lack – a situation in which you do not have any or do not have enough of something you need. (MAC. p. 794)). The material which was used during the research showed that compound words in English language describe the head and face of men. The same in Uzbek language – (Йигитлар кулумсираб, ўртадаги думалоқ юзли, хушмўйлов йигитга ишора қилишди. (Х. Султонов, “Онамнинг юрти”, 432-б)); оқсоқол – (Б