PRIORITY DIRECTIONS OF INFORMATION POLICY IN THE CONTEXT OF DISINFORMATION

Аннотация

This study analyzes the nature and conceptual foundations of false information in the context of globalization, the priority directions of information policy under conditions of disinformation, and the analysis of advanced foreign experiences. Keywords: state, message, information society, false information, disinformation, information policy, “fake news,” globalization. In today’s era, often referred to as the "Information Age," various methods of influencing human consciousness and emotions have emerged. Alongside shaping and developing public opinion through information, information attacks have become a dominant force. “In an information society, new forms of mass communication emerge, leading to transformations in social relations, lifestyles, ways of thinking, and new paradigms in economics, politics, and governance, which necessitate continuous adaptation” [1]. Focusing on the essence of the concepts of the Information Age and the Information Society, we can assert that the Information Age is a period in which the role of information has become central to everyday human activity. In addition to telecommunications tools, mass communication devices (such as telephones, fax machines, and mobile phones) have gained prominence. In an information society, educational and moral factors become dominant through the use of information tools. “An information society is one in which knowledge and information take a leading role in productive forces, production relations, and capital growth” [2]. Another definition states: “An information society is a society in which sufficient conditions have been created for the preparation, processing, storage, and dissemination of information, playing a primary role in socio-economic development” [3]. As the foundations of the information society—recognized as the third wave of civilization—continue to form, ensuring the dominance of national values guarantees stable development. Conversely, an information society that does not rely on national values gradually loses its ethical foundations under the influence of mass culture, which is a destructive phenomenon. Scholar Rahmon Qo‘chqor highlights this issue: “In today’s so-called ‘Information World’ or 63 DEVELOPMENT OF PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN MODERN SCIENCES International scientific-online conference ‘Information Society,’ the more mass media disseminates information about an event (regardless of whether it occurred in the past or just yesterday), the more obscure the true reality of that event becomes” [4]. The state's information policy is defined as “a unique type of human activity related to the collection, processing, and dissemination of information, which reflects the interests of the state and civil society while ensuring creative and constructive communication between them and their representatives” [5]. The objects of state information policy include print media—newspapers, magazines, and books—electronic media such as television, radio, and the Internet, as well as communication tools like telephones and pagers. “Information policy can be viewed as a tool of political influence and a means of achieving political goals: through information, the subjects of information policy can influence people's consciousness, psychology, morality, and activities within the framework of state, civil society, and personal interests” [6]. In the struggle for human minds and hearts, the concept of information policy is generally interpreted as the means by which various institutional actors (such as the state, governmental bodies, or individual organizations) interact with existing information flows and resources in accordance with their perspectives and interests [7]. We believe that information policy is an activity aimed at ensuring the stability of national interests through information resources and countering factors that threaten national security while coordinating relations between government institutions and members of society. Key aspects of globalization include the impact of information, information warfare, ideological and cultural expansion by hegemonic states, and the intensified promotion of lifestyle differences between Western societies, which possess economic dominance, and Eastern nations striving for progress. As a result, globalization is increasingly seen as an era of struggle for human consciousness and emotions. Today, information tools have become a strategic means of achieving dominance over people. Scholars now define "information influence" as the process of transmitting, processing, creating, and receiving information for the purpose of targeting human consciousness and emotions using specific information weapons [8]. Indeed, effective information influence involves creating and disseminating targeted information to shape human behavior, identity, morality, and psychology, as well as to influence the spiritual and psychological environment 64 DEVELOPMENT OF PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN MODERN SCIENC