Использование пословиц и фразеологизмов в переводе рассказа Гафура Гулама «Шум бола»

Аннотация

Ключевые слова: В данной статье рассматривается роль пословиц и пословица, выражений на примере перевода рассказа Гафура Гулама фразеологизмы, «Шум бола» в жизни человека, а также их полезность в словосочетания, развитии личности. Пословицы играют значимую роль в рассказ, художественная придании истории большей художественной литература. уникальности, прямо влияя на ее смысловую глубину. Читатели, знакомясь с произведениями писателей, использующих такие приемы, легче улавливают и понимают содержание произведения через эти выразительные средства. Each work has its own history and reasons for its creation, some works are written out of necessity, and some are written for popularity, but Gafur Ghulam's work "Shum bola" is a work that reflects the spirit of the times and the oppression of the colonial era. "Shum bola" (Russian: ozornik) – G'. 1977 adventure film based on Ghulam's work of the same name. The film was directed by Damir Salimov, and the screenplay was written by Shuhrat Abbasov and Alexander Naumov. It has become one of the favorite films of Uzbek film lovers. "Shum bola" has been praised by both Uzbek and foreign film critics. Abduraim Abduvahobov played the role of a ten-year-old Shum boy (his real name is Karavoy in the film), who goes to various shows because of his restlessness. The author wrote the work in 1936, and the story was published several times. The story describes the artist's childhood and life in Tashkent at the beginning of the 20th century. The short story is a sharp comic work based on real events and people's fates. Although the work is centered on many facts from the writer's life, it is not autobiographical. It has a strong artistic texture and fantasy compared to real historical facts. The story was translated into Russian by F. Shaikhutdinova (1968) and A. Naumov (1970), and into Ukrainian by V. Krymich (1991). In 2023, the work was included in the ranking of the top 100 children's books of all time by the BBC publication. In the same year, on the occasion of the 120th anniversary of the birth of G. Ghulam, a new Uzbek edition of the story was published by the publishing house "Adib". There are many different ways of using expressions in artistic speech. Writer G'. Ghulam not only used ready-made expressions in the universal language but also created new expressions based on them. In doing so, he uses methods such as opening a new interpretation of the meaning of the universal phrase, changing the lexical structure of the phrase, expanding its semantic-stylistic functions, and adding new figurative meanings to the phrase. Below, we will focus on the linguistic and cultural features of some phraseological units used in G. Ghulom's story "Shum bola". Example: “Qalandarboshi meni ta’rif- tavsiflab ketdi. Jazavalarimning zo’rligidan gapirdi. Bir choynak choy ichguncha olami fanodan olami baqoga o’tib ketgan, behud Mahrabi devona, dili jazovdi ilohi bilan to’la qalandarbachcha, o’rta qo’ldek ekanligimni tushuntirdi.” (Shum bola p. 69) The word Fano is derived from the Arabic language and means "to die", "to pass away", "to disappear"; The word baqa in Arabic means "eternal", "immortal", "imperishable". In 91 Xorijiy lingvistika va lingvodidaktika – Зарубежная лингвистика и лингводидактика – Foreign Linguistics and Linguodidactics Issue – 2 № 3 (2024) / ISSN 2181-3701 the short story "Shum bola", G. Ghulam expanded the scope of the phrase by combining the words fan o and bago. That is, it means "to go from the world of decay to the world of survival", "to go from the world of non-existence to the world of existence, eternity". The phrase middle hand is colloquially used in the form of middle finger. Our language has the following similes related to a finger: like a thumb, like a middle finger, like a ring finger, like an index finger. The middle finger is the most noticeable and the largest of the fingers on the hand. For this reason, the phrase "middle hand" was formed in the language in the sense of becoming visible and noteworthy. The phrase “O’rta qo’ldek” was formed in the process of transfer of meaning based on synecdoche. The use of this phrase about Karavoy indicates that he is visible, capable, and much older. Among our people, there is also an expression "to eat the head" related to "Bosh", which is often used by people in various situations. In G. Ghulam's work "Shum Bola", this phrase is used by the teacher about Karavoy and appears in the following form: Ha, xizmating boshingni yesin! – dedi domla. – Eshakni so’yib qo’yibsanku, padar la’nat! Men bu eshakni Buxoroyi Sharifdan uch tilloga olgan edim. O’zi ham qanday eshak edi-ya, bay- bay eshagim… (Shum bola, 54-bet). In this example, this phrase is used to emphasize the meaning of "yo’q qilmoq", "halok qilmoq" more strongly and decisively. Special "observations show that phraseological synonyms often differ in the level of imagery" in the story "Shum bola" special attention is paid to the image of the market, in the