Problematic teaching style in the development of argumentation and logical thinking in students

Аннотация

In the process of modern education, it is important to develop students ' abilities for independent thinking, logical thinking and argumentation. In achieving these goals, the problematic teaching style is recognized as an effective tool. This article analyzes the theoretical foundations of the problematic teaching method, its role in the formation of argumentation and logical thinking in students, as well as its practical application. Keywords: Argumentation, problem teaching method, logical thinking, discussion, observation method, integration. expose students to a problem situation during the Introduction: Today, there is a growing demand for course of the lesson, which will motivate them to think innovative pedagogical technologies in the educational independently. system around the world. In particular, new forms of teaching, such as the problematic teaching method, are ● And problem formation, students analyze a seen as an effective tool for students to master their problem situation, determine its essence and knowledge more deeply and form logical thinking skills formulate the problem. in them. However, teachers have various problems ● When looking for ways to solve a problem, with the full use of this method. This in turn can students put forward various assumptions to solve the negatively affect the effectiveness of Education. problem and analyze them. Therefore, scientific research, analyses and practical ● They examine, summarize and draw experiments on the introduction of problematic conclusions about the results obtained in the process teaching methodology in the educational process are of checking and summarizing the results. necessary. ● These stages serve to develop students ' Problematic teaching style is effective in developing independent thinking and logical thinking. argumentation and logical thinking in students. Problem situations activate the thinking process of Argumentation is the process of reasoning and students, encouraging them to seek and analyze defending one's own opinion, in which arguments and evidence to solve the problem. This in turn forms the logical conclusions are made. Logical thinking, on the ability to argue. Also, in the process of analyzing and other hand, is the ability to analyze phenomena and solving problem situations, students develop logical processes, identify and generalize their causal thinking skills. connections. The development of these abilities in the educational process plays an important role in the The problematic teaching style emerged in pedagogy in formation of the scientific worldview of students. the middle of the 20th century, aimed at activating the cognitive activity of students. The basic principles of Argumentation is the ability of an individual to base and this style include: defend their thoughts, while logical thinking implies adherence to logical laws in the process of thinking. ● Creating a problem situation this teacher will These abilities play an important role in developing American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research 39 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajsshr American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research (ISSN: 2771-2141) student critical thinking. The problematic teaching style independently or collectively. Philosophy classes at helps students to gain deeper theoretical knowledge. universities such as Harvard and MIT are conducted Through PBL, knowledge is strengthened by practice in interactively, and students engage in debate over real- the process of solving real-life problems. When life issues. applying the problem teaching method in the course of In the Finnish education system, however, philosophy the lesson, the teacher presents the students with is often taught on the basis of a phenomenological problem situations and encourages them to teaching approach. In this approach, problems are independently find solutions. In the process, students analyzed based on real-life context. For example, in the develop the skills to analyze the problem, consider study of ethical decision-making or social justice issues, different points of view, and draw reasoned students are presented with various situations where