Malaria in Kebbi state: A study of a demonstrable presence of malaria parasite among the residents of some communities around selected health facilities in kebbi state

Аннотация

Malaria infection is a major public health emergency that requires prime- concern due to its high COPYRIGHT © 2025 Original content from this work may be used under the terms cause of morbidity and mortality. This study of the creative commons attributes 4.0 License. investigated the recurrence of malaria infection in patients attending selected Kebbi State health facilities, Kebbi state Nigeria. Random sampling techniques were used. A total of 1200 samples were collected; thick films stained with Field stain A&B) and thin films (stained with3% Giemsa) were examined microscopically. Out of this samples 530 (44.16%) were infected, with total parasite density of 2107518/ul. plasmodium falciparon was the only species found. The highest infection 61 (61%) was Sir Yahaya Memorial Hospital (SYMH) Birnin kebbi with statewide infection 61 (5.08%) and parasite density 248616/ul followed by Kebbi Medical Center along Kalgo road Birnin kebbi, 59 (59%)with statewide infection of 59 (4.92%)and parasite density 203540/ul and the least was General Hospital Jega 24 (24%) with state wide infection of 24 (2%) and parasite density, 137696/ul (p<0.05). Kebbi South had the highest infection rate, 215 (53.75%) with statewide infection of 215 (17.92%) and parasite density, 802100/ul whereas the least was recorded in Kebbi East134 (33.5%) with parasite density 685600/ul and statewide infection of 134 (11.16%). Consistent statewide investigation and sustained awareness should be carried out to track progress and identify areas of data driven intervention needs for smart decision to combat malaria. The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research 30 https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajmspr The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research Keywords: Malaria parasite, Kebbi state, health screening, indoor spray of insecticide, wearing facilities. protective clothing and use of chemoprophylaxis. Elimination of vector breeding sites such as collections of water around human habitat can also help break Introduction: Malaria is a major public health problem transmission (WHO2018). and cause of suffering and premature death in tropical Malaria vaccines RTS/SAS01and RS21/Matrix-M are and sub-tropical countries (Nwaorgu and Orajaka recommended for prevention in young children. The 2011). It is caused by parasite Plasmodium transmitted best treatment for P. falciparum malaria is artemisinin- through the bite of an infected female Anopheles based combination therapy (WHO 2018, 2023). mosquito (WHO 2018) Globally, there were 229 million, 244 million and 249 million cases in 2019, 2021 There have been report of high malaria prevalence in and 2022, respectively (Kassam et al 2021; WHO 2023). Kebbi State 78.2% (Yusuf Kanya et al 2022). 43.1% (Rupashree Singh et al. J Vector Borne 2014)and 56.28% Despite being preventable and curable, Nigerian ( Iboyi Nathaniel Onuche accounted for 25% of global malaria cases followed by Democratic Republic of Congo with 11% in 2017 (WHO Admiralty university of Nigeria 2017). This study was 2018). And Kebbi state hold first position in malaria necessitated by the need for more investigation on infection in the whole federation of Nigeria. The most malaria infection (with parasite density inclusive) to vulnerable groups are children who accounted for 61% provide information, which will influence policy (266,000) global malaria deaths. Other vulnerable development for data driven interventions in effort to groups are pregnant women, travelers, people living control/elimination malaria in Kebbi state in particular with HIV/AIDs (WHO 2018). There are five Plasmodium and Nigeria in general. species (Plasmodium falciparum, P. ovale, P. vivax, P.