INTERTEXTS IN THE WORKS OF O'NEILL

Аннотация

This article explores the use of intertextuality in the works of Eugene O'Neill, one of the most influential figures in American dramaturgy. It examines examples of intertextual elements in O'Neill’s early and late plays, including references to biblical motifs, classical literature, and ancient tragedies. The analysis demonstrates how intertextuality helps to understand the inner world of the characters more deeply, enhances the emotional impact of the plays, and creates multilayered meanings that enrich the perception of O'Neill's work. Key words: dramaturgy, intertextuality, work, include, reference, biblical motifs, classical literature, ancient tragedies, analys, demonstrates, intertextuality. ИНТЕРТЕКСТЫ В ПРОИЗВЕДЕНИЯХ О'НИЛА Аннотация. В статье рассматривается использование интертекстуальности в произведениях Юджина О'Нила, одной из самых влиятельных фигур в американской драматургии. В ней рассматриваются примеры интертекстуальных элементов в ранних и поздних пьесах О'Нила, включая ссылки на библейские мотивы, классическую литературу и античные трагедии. Анализ показывает, как интертекстуальность помогает глубже понять внутренний мир персонажей, усиливает эмоциональное воздействие пьес и создает многослойные смыслы, которые обогащают восприятие произведений О'Нила. Ключевые слова: драматургия, интертекстуальность, произведение, включать, ссылка, библейские мотивы, классическая литература, античные трагедии, анализ, демонстрирует, интертекстуальность. Introduction. Eugene O'Neill is one of the most influential and renowned American playwrights of the 20th century. His works are distinguished by their unique depth in exploring human emotions, complex relationships, and internal conflicts. O'Neill frequently used intertextual elements in his plays, which adds multiple layers of meaning and enriches the understanding of his works. Intertextuality in O'Neill’s creative output manifests through references to classical literature, ancient tragedies, and other cultural texts. These allusions help create a deeper context for his plays, expanding the understanding of characters, plots, and themes addressed in his works. O'Neill skillfully integrated various literary and cultural elements to enrich his works and elicit new emotional responses from the audience. 81 ResearchBib IF - 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Valume 2 Issue 2 The use of intertextuality in O'Neill's works also demonstrates his profound knowledge of literary heritage and his ability to transfer classical themes and motifs into a modern context. This makes his work more penetrating and relevant for audiences of all times. The Concept of Intertext. Intertextuality is a literary device that involves the inclusion of elements from other texts within a text. These may include direct quotes, allusions, stylistic borrowings, or even subtle references to other works. Intertextuality helps the author establish a connection with previous literary works, creating additional layers of meaning and evoking associations with well-known texts in the reader or viewer. Intertexts in O'Neill's Early Works. O'Neill began his literary career with short plays, such as Before Breakfast and Sea Scape, where the beginnings of intertextuality can already be seen. In these works, he uses biblical motifs and references to classical literature to highlight the moral and ethical dilemmas of his characters. For instance, in Before Breakfast, there are allusions to the story of Cain and Abel, which adds tragedy and depth to the conflict between the main characters. Intertextuality in Major Plays. In his later and larger plays, such as Long Day's Journey into Night and Desire Under the Elms, O'Neill uses intertextuality on a more complex level. He not only borrows elements from classical literature but also reinterprets them within the context of his stories. Long Day's Journey into Night In this autobiographical play, O'Neill uses numerous references to Shakespearean tragedies and ancient drama. The conflict within the Tyrone family resembles the tragedy of King Lear, where every line and action of the characters is filled with references to betrayal, love, and hatred, as seen in Shakespeare's great work. These intertexts underscore the hopelessness and depth of the characters’ suffering and enhance the emotional impact of the play on the audience. Desire Under the Elms In Desire Under the Elms. O'Neill actively uses biblical motifs, particularly the story of Eve and the expulsion from Eden. The central conflict between the characters symbolizes the struggle for land and inheritance, which can be viewed as an allusion to the loss of the Garden of Eden. These intertextual elements help reveal themes of greed, sin, and redemption, adding depth and multilayered meanings to the play. The Influence of Intertextuality on the Perception of Works. Intertextuality in O'Neill's works allows the viewer or reader to more deeply understand the inner world of the characters and the ideas embedde