THE PECULIARITIES OF THE TRANSLATION OF PROVERBS AND SAYINGS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF A.QODIRIY'S WORK "THE SCORPION FROM THE ALTAR")

Аннотация

This article analyzes the peculiarities encountered in the process of translating proverbs and sayings. In particular, on the example of A. Qodiriy's work “The Scorpion from the Altar”, how national and artistic means of expression are reflected in the translation is studied. The original and translated texts are compared, and semantic and stylistic changes are analyzed. The translator's methods of rendering folk expressions are also considered. The article emphasizes the importance of the correct reflection of proverbs and sayings in translation. Keywords: proverbs and sayings, artistic translation, A. Qodiriy, “The Scorpion from the Altar”, national expression, translation methods, folk proverbs, linguistic features, literary analysis. Introduction: The art of translation is one of the important areas of literature and linguistics, which is of incomparable importance in conveying the culture, traditions, spiritual and mental world of a particular people to other languages. In particular, in the translation of works of art, preserving the national color, correctly conveying the author's style, and naturally expressing images and events are among the important issues. In this regard, the process of translating examples of folk oral creativity, including proverbs and sayings, is of particular importance. Proverbs are the product of centuries-old experience, life views and wisdom of the people, and they express the worldview of the people in a short and concise form. Therefore, their translation is not limited only to changing the means of language, but also requires conveying the mentality of a particular people through other means of language. Therefore, the translation of proverbs is considered one of the most difficult and responsible processes for the translator. Translating them word for word can often lead to logical or stylistic errors. The translation requires taking into account the phraseological units, artistic means and cultural context of both languages. The novel “The Scorpion from the Altar” by one of the prominent figures of Uzbek literature, Abdulla Qodiriy, is one of the finest works of 20th-century 120 THEORETICAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES International scientific-online conference Uzbek prose, in which folk expressions, proverbs and sayings are widely used. This increases the national spirit and artistic value of the work. This article analyzes how proverbs and sayings are reflected in various translations of the work. It studies whether they are translated correctly or incorrectly, whether the author's style is preserved, and the peculiarities allowed in the translation process. Main part: Although some proverbs can be translated directly, most proverbs are artistically incompatible or their meaning may change. Since proverbs are related to the lifestyle and customs of a particular people, it is important to express them in a way that is understandable to representatives of other cultures during the translation process. In many cases, proverbs that are similar in meaning can be found in other languages. However, in some cases, if an equivalent proverb cannot be found, the translator is forced to express its meaning in a free form. As an example, let's consider the following proverbs from the novel “The Scorpion from the Altar”, for example: “A thief starts first from his home” This proverb is one of the Uzbek folk wisdoms, the meaning of which is that a person who starts a bad deed first harms those around him. If translated literally, this phrase may not be understandable in another language. For example, if translated directly into English as “A thief starts from his own home”, it may cause misunderstanding. Therefore, it is advisable to adapt it to the existing English proverb “Charity begins at home, but so does sin” “There is no sickle - reap the wheat with your hands” This proverb means that in a certain situation it is necessary to solve the problem in an alternative way. It can be directly translated into Russian as “Нет серпа - жни пшеницу руками”. However, this expression is not widely used in Russian. Therefore, it is appropriate to adapt it to the Russian proverb “На безрыбье и рак – рыба” (Where there is no fish, even a crab is a fish). “El oq‘ziga elak tutib bo‘lmaydi” This proverb means that people cannot stop talking, any talk will spread anyway. The corresponding proverb in English could be “You cannot stop people from talking” or “Rumors spread like wildfire”. A. Qodiriy used proverbs and sayings extensively in his novel. It is important to analyze how these proverbs have changed in different translations of the work. Sometimes a direct translation of the proverb is used, but this is not always understandable or natural. Some proverbs are replaced with an analogue 121 THEORETICAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES International scientific-online conference that is suitable for the culture and language of another language. While prese