HISTORY OF REPAIR AND REPAIR OF OLD MONUMENTS IN KASHKADARYA REGION

Аннотация

The article covers the history of the restoration and renovation of ancient historical and architectural monuments in the Kashkadarya region. It discusses the process of preserving and updating ancient monuments located in the region, including mosques, madrasas, mausoleums and other architectural structures. The article provides detailed information on the restoration of monuments in Shahrisabz, Karshi, Termez and other cities and districts, their significance and the work carried out to preserve the historical heritage. It also analyzes the role of archaeological and architectural research in the restoration of monuments in Kashkadarya, as well as large-scale programs and activities implemented to preserve historical monuments in the region. This article aims to document efforts to update the rich cultural heritage of the region and preserve it for future generations. Key words and concepts: Karshi city, ancient, mosque, monument, mausoleum, national value, cultural heritage, historical object, repair, restoration, strengthening. Recent trends in the global economy, such as the rapid development of tourism and recreation, have a significant impact on the Central Asian region, including Uzbekistan, in various regions and countries[1.1]. The visit to the places of pilgrimage is connected with the tourism sector,which in the 21st century became the most advantageous sphere in the world. Now he is in third place after the field of automotive and oil refining. The development of the tourism sector is important in strengthening the national and regional economy[2.1]. Since the first days of Uzbekistan's independence, respect for our history, culture, customs and traditions has grown even stronger. In particular, the legacy of many great scholars and saints who lived in our country in the past, as well as the scientific study, repair and restoration of historical and architectural monuments and structures built in our country thousands of years ago, are being carried out on a large scale. 101 THEORETICAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES International scientific-online conference Today, historical and architectural structures, mosques, madrasas, shrines, caravanserais and minarets located on the territory of Uzbekistan have been preserved. In particular, there are more than 8,200 cultural heritage sites in our country, 209 of which are included in the UNESCO World Heritage List of four museum cities - Ichan Kala in Khiva, the historical centers of Bukhara and Shakhrisabz, as well as ancient monuments located on the territory of Samarkand. [3.173] Currently, 1,468 cultural heritage sites are preserved in the Kashkadarya region. Unfortunately, most of these monuments, which are masterpieces of the past, were not sufficiently protected during the former Soviet regime and could not retain their original appearance due to the lack of timely repair and strengthening work. It was during this period that most of the archaeological monuments not only in the oasis areas, but also in our republic, were destroyed. According to the Institute of Archaeology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, there were about 30,000 archaeological sites in our country until the 1960s. However, as a result of destruction, erosion, and incorporation into cultivated land, their number decreased to 9,000 in the late 1980s, and to 5,391 in the mid-1990s [4.6]. After our country gained independence, as in many other areas, fundamental reforms were carried out in the field of preservation and protection of cultural heritage objects. First of all, Article 49 of our Basic Law - the Constitution defines the issue of protection of ancient and historical monuments and monuments as follows: “Citizens are obliged to preserve and protect the historical, spiritual, cultural, scientific and natural heritage of the people of Uzbekistan. Historical, spiritual, cultural, scientific and natural heritage is protected by the state” [5, 24]. Since the first days of independence, a number of laws and resolutions have been adopted on the preservation and protection of cultural heritage monuments located on the territory of our republic. One of such documents is the relevant decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated March 9, 1992, and on April 27, 1992, Resolution No. 207 of the Cabinet of Ministers “On measures to improve the activities of the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Uzbekistan and further improve its organizational system” came into force [6]. The repair and restoration of historical and architectural monuments in the Kashkadarya region was carried out in connection with the celebration of the anniversaries of the historical cities of the region and the birth dates of great 102 THEORETICAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES International scientific-online conference personalities, thinkers, sheikhs and pirs who lived in the oasis. In particular, since the fall of 2004, in connection w