The importance of political parties in shaping public governance

Аннотация

Since the emergence of humanity, governance relations have taken different forms in different eras and have been formed in different ways. As the world community became more modern, the ways of forming the administration became more democratized. Today, people's participation in the formation of state administration is carried out through free, democratic and transparent elections. We can observe that the characteristics of the electoral system are manifested in different ways in different countries of the world. Studying the importance of the political party institution in the formation of state administration through elections is one of the urgent tasks of modern political science. In our country, in recent years, the importance of civil society institutions, in particular political parties, has been increasing in shaping the system of public administration. As a result of reforms, political parties have become the main institutions that form the government, along with the presidential and parliamentary institutions, which has further increased its influence. Keywords: Political party, state governance, parliament, government, presidential institution, civil society, democracy, elections, faction. parliamentary reforms. The participation of political Introduction: As democracy develops around the parties in the formation of state governance is world, the participation of political parties in state and enshrined in the Constitution and laws of the Republic society-building is also growing. Ensuring the of Uzbekistan. In particular, Article 37 of the Election participation of citizens in the formation of state Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, adopted in 2019, administration is carried out through certain stipulates that "political parties have the right to institutions in the society, and civil society institutions nominate candidates for the presidency of the Republic in the conditions of modern democracy. In particular, of Uzbekistan, candidates for deputies of the political parties are institutional organizations that Legislative Chamber, and candidates for deputies of stand at the centre of these civil society institutions local Councils"[2]. from the point of view of their participation in the formation of power and state administration. In It should also be noted that Article 118 of the management relations, along with the diversity of Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan stipulates opinions, ideas, and ideologies, unanimity and unity in that “Candidacy of the Prime Minister of the Republic decision-making are required. In a democratic society, of Uzbekistan for consideration and approval by the the formation of a multi-party system of government Legislative Chamber shall be submitted by the ensures that the interests of the majority of social President of the Republic of Uzbekistan following strata in society are represented in it. consultations with all factions of political parties within a month after the election of officials and the formation In recent years, Uzbekistan has also been implementing of the bodies of the chambers of the Oliy Majlis of the numerous reforms aimed at building a people-oriented Republic of Uzbekistan or within a month after the state serving a free civil society based on democracy. In release from office or resignation of the Prime Minister particular, these include new constitutional reforms, and the current composition of the Cabinet of reform of the electoral system, and acceleration of International Journal Of History And Political Sciences 14 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijhps International Journal Of History And Political Sciences (ISSN – 2771-2222) Ministers” [1], which we can see as one of the factors According to B. Yakubov, the function of forming indicating the important role of political parties in the mechanisms of state governance is one of the most formation of governance. important functions for society, and is directly related to the direct involvement of political parties in the Materials formation of a system of state and social governance Political parties are the most powerful institutions of that will stably fulfil its functions after each election. civil society, which shape state governance and aims to Political parties undoubtedly play a leading role in achieve power. Political parties are one of the most these processes [4. –B. 355]. complex and at the same time most studied objects in As we have seen above, political parties have been political science. The definition, distinctive features, researched by many foreign and local political scientists functions and role of political parties in the as institutions that shape state administration. development of society are interpreted differently by Generally speaking, political parties are essentially different political scientists. We can conditionally institutional, functional organizations aiming at power divide the political scientists who studied the and striving for governan