Advances in Cervical Vertebral Augmentation: The Role of PTH Derivative Bioactive Materials in Sheep Models

Аннотация

Cervical vertebral augmentation is a crucial CITATION procedure for addressing vertebral defects and promoting bone regeneration, particularly in the COPYRIGHT context of spinal injuries and degenerative diseases. © 2025 Original content from this work may be used under the terms Recent advancements in bioactive materials have of the creative commons attributes 4.0 License. opened up new possibilities for enhancing the efficacy of vertebral augmentation. This study investigates the role of parathyroid hormone (PTH) derivative bioactive materials in cervical vertebral augmentation using a sheep model. PTH derivatives have shown promising results in bone regeneration due to their osteoinductive properties, which stimulate the activity of osteoblasts and enhance bone formation. In this study, a sheep model was utilized to evaluate the effects of PTH derivative bioactive materials on cervical vertebral healing, focusing on parameters such as bone mineral density, structural integrity, and histological outcomes. The results demonstrated that PTH derivative bioactive materials significantly improved the healing process of cervical vertebral defects, providing insights into their potential clinical applications in spinal surgeries. The findings suggest that PTH-based bioactive materials could play a vital role in enhancing the success of cervical vertebral augmentation, offering a promising approach for regenerative medicine in spinal health. Keywords: Cervical vertebral augmentation, PTH derivatives, bioactive materials, bone regeneration, sheep model, osteoinductive properties, spinal surgery, bone mineral density, histological analysis, vertebral defects. Introduction: Cervical vertebral augmentation is a critical intervention in the field of spinal surgery, particularly for the treatment of vertebral fractures, The American Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Wildlife Discovery 05 https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajvswd The American Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Wildlife Discovery defects, and degenerative spinal conditions. The in human spinal health. cervical spine plays a pivotal role in supporting the METHODS head and enabling crucial neck movements, making its Study Design stability and integrity essential for overall spinal health. Injury to the cervical vertebrae often leads to This study utilized a controlled preclinical design to significant morbidity, including pain, impaired evaluate the role of parathyroid hormone (PTH) movement, and, in severe cases, neurological deficits. derivative bioactive materials in cervical vertebral While traditional surgical techniques, such as fusion augmentation using a sheep model. The study was and internal fixation, have been widely employed to conducted at an accredited animal research facility, address cervical vertebral defects, these methods have adhering to ethical guidelines for animal research. A limitations, including delayed healing, limited bone total of 12 adult sheep (Ovis aries) were selected for the regeneration, and complications associated with study, aged 18–24 months, with an average weight of foreign material integration. 50–60 kg. The animals were randomized into two groups: a treatment group (PTH derivative bioactive Over recent years, there has been increasing interest material) and a control group (placebo or no treatment). in advancing the materials used in spinal surgery to All animals underwent cervical vertebral surgery to promote better healing outcomes and enhance the create a defect in the cervical spine, followed by the regenerative potential of damaged bone tissues. application of the respective treatment. The treatment Bioactive materials, particularly those derived from group received a bioactive material containing a growth factors and hormones, have shown great synthetic PTH 1-34 derivative, while the control group promise in this regard. One such class of bioactive received a saline solution (placebo). materials that has garnered attention is parathyroid hormone (PTH) derivatives. PTH, a key regulator of Preparation of Bioactive Material bone metabolism, has been shown to stimulate bone The bioactive material used in the treatment group was formation by promoting osteoblast differentiation and a bioengineered composite consisting of PTH 1-34, activity, thus accelerating the healing of bone defects. which was synthesized and formulated for local In particular, PTH 1-34, a synthetic derivative of delivery. The PTH 1-34 was combined with a parathyroid hormone, has demonstrated significant biocompatible hydrogel matrix to enhance its stability potential in bone regeneration. Studies have shown and localized delivery at the site of injury. The hydrogel that PTH derivatives can improve bone mineral matrix was designed to allow sustained release of PTH density, enhance bone formation, and accelerate the derivatives over a period of 4–6 weeks. The PTH 1-34 healing of fractures, making them highly attractive was administ