CLINICAL-PHARMACOLOGICAL APPROACH TO THE CLINICAL USE OF BACTERIOPHAGE DRUGS IN ACUTE INTESTINAL INFECTIONS

Аннотация

Acute intestinal infections (AI) are a large group of infectious diseases caused by pathogenic, opportunistic bacteria, viruses, protozoa, transmitted through household, water or food, characterized by inflammatory lesions of the gastrointestinal tract. (GIT) of varying degrees, the development of vomiting, diarrhea, intoxication and dehydration. The main causative agents of acute intestinal infections in young children are viruses. In children under one year of age, the etiological agent of acute intestinal infections in 90% of cases is various viruses, in children 1-4 years old - 75%, in children over 5 years old - 40%. The most common cause of diarrhea in children is rotavirus. By the age of 3-5, every child experiences it at least once. Rotaviruses cause 30-50% of cases of gastroenteritis requiring hospitalization and parenteral rehydration. According to various sources, up to 440,000 children die from rotavirus gastroenteritis worldwide each year (1). In addition to rotavirus, the causative agents of viral diarrhea are RNA-containing astroviruses, Norfolk virus, and similar agents belonging to the group of unclassified viruses, which received their names from the places where they were found - Norfolk (Ohio, USA), Hawaii virus, Mount Snow virus, etc. In addition, caliciviruses, adenoviruses, enteroviruses, coronaviruses, and cytomegalovirus are also responsible for viral diarrhea (2).