THE STUDY OF THE TURKISH KHAKHANATE AND THE SOURCES THAT REFLECT THEM

Аннотация

This article discusses the formation of the Turkish Khanate, one of the main links in the history of statehood in Central Asia in the early Middle Ages, the history of statehood and historical sources that reflect a lot of information about it. Keywords: Turkish Khanate, Altai, Bumin, Mugankhan, Istami Yabgu, Orhun- Enasoy inscriptions, "Oguznoma". ENTRANCE. The Turkic Khaganate occupies an important place in the history of Uzbek statehood. Altai, Tuva and the adjacent territories were inhabited by various Turkic tribes, such as Ashin, Argu, Ogiz, Toqqiz Ogiz, Ottuz Tatars, Karluks, Qitans, Tolis, Turks, Uyghurs, Kurukans, Dubas, and others. At the beginning of the 6th century, political processes in the Altai region became more active. At that time, the Zhuzhan Khanate ruled over the northern territories of present-day Mongolia and partly China. At the beginning of the 6th century, the position of the Ashin clan among the Turkic peoples in Altai rose. Asan and Tuu, members of the Ashin clan, subjugated other clans in 460-545 and founded the union of Turkic tribes in Altai. Literature review. The first major study of the history of the Western Turkic Khaganate was carried out by the French historian E. Chavannes, whose work "Documents on the Western Turks", published in 1903, despite the passage of more than a century, remains the most valuable work for researchers of the history of the Khaganate. It is worth noting that after him, many scientific studies were conducted on the history of the Khaganate, and although dozens of scientific works on this topic have appeared in the world, almost all of them were mainly devoted to the history of the Eastern Turkic Khaganate, and the history of the Western Turkic Khaganate was not selected as a separate topic of study after E. Chavannes. The researcher, while basing this work on the political history of the Western Khaganate mainly on information from Chinese chronicles, also involved Byzantine (Greek), Arabic, Persian, and ancient Turkic sources reflecting information on the history of the Khaganate in his research, and using them, tried to further clarify the Chinese information. As a scholar and one of the first researchers of the history of the Turkic peoples, V.V. Bartholdi's contribution to the illumination of the history of the Turkic Khaganate 171 Acumen: International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Acumen: International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Volume 1, Issue 4 is great. The scientist was one of the first. Comparing the information in the Urhun inscriptions with Chinese, Arabic and other sources, he was able to successfully reveal the problematic aspects of the history of the Khaganate. In particular, he shed light on the history of the Turkic Khaganate in his scientific studies such as "Ancient Turkic inscriptions and Arabic sources", "New studies on the Urhun inscriptions". Among the researchers who have studied the history of the Western Turkic Khaganate relatively consistently after E. Shavann and V.V. Bartold, the works of L.N. Gumilev and S.G. Klyashtorny are noteworthy. In particular, L.N. Gumilev in his monograph “Ancient Turks[1]” specifically covered the history of the Western Turkic Khaganate, and the researcher paid special attention to socio-political issues. Among the Kazakh researchers, K.M. Naymakov has covered the history of the Khaganate quite consistently on the basis of archaeological sources. The researcher, through many years of archaeological research and scientific analysis of material materials, revealed the role of the Western Turkic Khaganate and the Sogdians in it. Also noteworthy are the studies of the Kazakh scientist A. Dosimbaeva, who covers the history of this Khaganate precisely through archaeological finds. We can see that A. Kamalov briefly touched upon the Western Khaganate in his research while covering the Turkic-Sughd relations. The studies conducted in Kyrgyzstan on the history of the Khaganate were mainly based on archaeological excavations, among which the studies of K. Tabaldiyev stand out. Archaeologist V.D. Goryacheva published special studies on the urban culture of the Tien Shan Mountains - Yettisuv during the period of the Turkic Khaganates (Western Turkic, Turgash and Karakhanids). The form of governance of the Khaganate was studied by T. Jumanaliyev within the framework of issues of political power among Central Asian nomads. In Uzbekistan, research has been conducted to one degree or another on the history of the khaganate, among which the research of Turkologists N. Rakhmonov, Kh. Dadabayev, K. Sodikov, and historians A. Ziya should be mentioned separately. First of all, it should be noted that since the 1940s, most scientific publications covering the history of our republic have devoted separate chapters to the history of the khaganate, and it is noticeable that the main attention in them is focused on the socio-political life of the khaganate. In particular, N. Rakhmonov's monogra