ETHNOGRAPHY OF NUROTA DISTRICT

Аннотация

Нуратинский народ обладает богатым культурным наследием с многовековой историей, которая ярко отражена в его национальных ценностях, традициях и обрядах. Роль семьи в Нуратинском районе очень важна. Семейные ценности укрепились, особенно религиозные и культурные традиции. В следующей статье это обсуждается подробно. Key words: traditions, ceremonies, national values, religion, family and society, national food, "khudayi", farming. Ключевые слова: традиции, обряды, национальные ценности, религия, семья и общество, национальная еда, «худайи», земледелие. In the ancient past, Nurota was one of the settlements of Sugdiyona, one of the historical and cultural regions of Central Asia. The mountains of the Nurota range are very rich and fertile, blocking the oasis from the hot wind blowing from Kyzylkum. In the past, Sugdiyana was entered from two sides. One was the Temur gate near Jizzakh (Ilonotti in some sources), and the other was Nur. The people of Nurota slaughter sheep and cattle and clean the place where the blood has been spilled and purify it by lighting a fire. Also, the people of Nurota pay special attention to keeping the land, water, floor, room, body, clothes, and food clean. Another well-preserved ritual in Nurota is “the mushkulkushod”. The essence of this ceremony is to promote hard work and honesty. During this ceremony, the table is set and a black lamp is lit. Bread and raisins are placed on the table. The history of Nowruz, which is considered a national holiday of the peoples of Central Asia, is also a traditional Zoroastrian New Year holiday that existed before Islam. Scholars such as 73 Acumen: International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Acumen: International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Volume 1, Issue 4 Beruni, Omar Khayyam, Mahmoud Kashghari wrote down valuable information about the antiquity of Nowruz.1 The beginning of the year was considered the beginning of the year when the sun entered the constellation Hamal and the equinox. According to the old solar year, it coincided with the beginning of the month of Farvardin, March 21, the time of the equinox of day and night, the beginning of the day, revival in nature, and the beginning of spring. Sumalak is the most traditional dish of Nowruz, and it is said that while sumalak is being cooked, “the siymalak”, thirty angels, came. Nowruz was celebrated in Nurota's castle square-ballroom from a long time ago, Nurota Bey watched the celebration from the castle. Because from this place, wheat was planted in the fields. Among the pre-Islamic holidays of the people of Nurota, the "Sayli Guli Surkh" holiday, dedicated to the beautiful gift of nature - the flower, held in the spring season, during Nowruz, held a special place. On this holiday, everything is decorated with flowers. Artisans of the city displayed their goods on stalls around the fountain and near the market place. In the wedding hall behind the castle, the Navruz "Guli surkh" procession was held. The girls and boys had a holiday on the hill called "Kohi dokhtaran" beyond the ballroom. Even now, the people of Nurota make incense to ward off evil spirits and evil spirits. It is usually made on eve days, before wedding ceremonies, before spring and autumn plowing, and it is distributed by baking buzmuk (scalloped) in layers. They believe that the smell of heated oil chases away the danger caused by humans and demons from the house and calls the ghost of their ancestors, who are the guardians of generations. Beruni also mentions this in his book "Memorials left from ancient peoples". German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche travels to Iran at the end of the 19th century. He meets the Zoroastrians living in the city of Yazd and gets to know their traditions. When the philosopher returns to his country, he brings with him the swastika, the religious symbol of the Zoroastrians, which resembles the joined sign with the ends turned up, and explains to his countrymen that this is the sign of a superior race. After the introduction of Islam to Central Asia and Iran, some of the Zoroastrians who did not want to accept Islam moved to India... Forty pieces of this swastika, a religious symbol of Zoroastrians, are drawn 1 Mukhammadzhanov A. History of irrigation of Kuyi Zarafshan valley. Tashkent: Fan. 1972. p 48 74 Acumen: International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Acumen: International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Volume 1, Issue 4 around the mihrab of the mosque built on the banks of the spring in Nurota. Here is a comment. Perhaps the place of the mosque was first a Zoroastrian camp, and later it was converted into a mosque during the Islamic era. The fact that there is a "chillakhona" (chikhil - forty) on the front of the mosque's mihrab is a sign that there were special healers in the presence of the firemen. Because in all parts of "Avesta", in particular, in Vendidat, there are still valuable tips about the classification of diseases, methods of treating p