IMPROVING THE PRODUCTIVITY OF THE EQUIPMENT BY IMPROVING THE SEED COMB OF THE 4DP-130 CHAINSAW

Аннотация

4 DP-130 chain saws have been improved to improve the efficiency of the seed comb. Key words: seed comb, gin, 4DP-130, seed, ginning, fiber, cotton with seed. Introduction. In our country, modern complexes have been established for the production, processing, and sale of cotton products that meet the highest global standards, contributing to the rapid development of our economy. These achievements are the result of the President's initiative to transform the economy, which was initially focused on supplying raw materials inherited from the former regime, into a diversified and export-oriented economy since the early years of independence. The cotton and textile sectors of the economy are also developing rapidly. Unlike the past, when the expansion of cotton fields relied on extensive methods, today the focus is on increasing productivity through the application of modern agro-technologies, introducing new cotton varieties that fully meet global standards, creating all necessary material and technical conditions for cotton growers-farmers and peasants-providing them with preferential loans, and ensuring government procurement. Deep structural changes have been made, all production links have been modernized, technical and technological upgrades have been implemented, infrastructure is being rapidly developed, and modern market mechanisms are being widely introduced. These efforts are still ongoing today. All 184 “JOURNAL OF SCIENCE-INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN UZBEKISTAN” JURNALI VOLUME 2, ISSUE 12, 2024. DECEMBER ResearchBib Impact Factor: 9.654/2024 ISSN 2992-8869 of these measures are aimed at improving the quality of cotton fiber. In our country, new opportunities are being created for processing cotton and producing finished textile products, as well as increasing the variety and volume of these products. It is well known that the Ginning Department is the most important section of cotton cleaning enterprises. This is because the main product, cotton fiber, is obtained from ginning the cotton with seeds. After passing through several preliminary stages in cotton processing, the cotton is sent to the ginning process. The ginning process is the main operation of initial cotton processing, where the cotton fiber is separated from the seed. The primary goal is to improve the ginning process and enhance the quality of the fiber and seed produced. The force of the bond between the fiber and the seed is 2-3 times lower than the breaking strength of a single fiber, which allows the cotton fiber to separate from the seed while maintaining its natural properties (such as moisture, length, maturity, etc.) during the ginning process. There are different types of ginning machines, including the 3XDDM, DP- 130, 4DP-130, and 5DP-130 models. These machines generate cotton fluff due to the rotary movement of the cylindrical rollers. 185 “JOURNAL OF SCIENCE-INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN UZBEKISTAN” JURNALI VOLUME 2, ISSUE 12, 2024. DECEMBER ResearchBib Impact Factor: 9.654/2024 ISSN 2992-8869 Fig. 1. Cross-Section of the 5DP-130 Ginning Machine 1.Supply rollers, 2.Barbed drum, 3.Mesh surface, 4.Foreign matter removal system, 5.Cylinder, 6.Working chamber, 7.Ginning cylinder, 8.Lattice sieve, 9.Seed comb, 10.Front apron, Sieve, 11.Waste discharge system, 12.Air chamber, 13.Fiber discharge pipe,14. Frame (base) In ginning machines, the working organ is a cylinder made from ginning disks. When separating the fiber from the seed, the lattice sieves play a crucial role. The saw teeth grab the fiber, and when it is fed through the lattice sieves, the seed remains and the fiber is separated. Translation of the second part: Cotton with seeds is dried to a condition with the required moisture level and cleaned from husks in the drying-cleaning sections. After this, it is sent to the main building of the factory for ginning (fiber separation). Ginning is a fundamental operation in the initial processing of cotton with seeds, during which the cotton fiber is separated from the seed. In the ginning process, the cotton fiber is mechanically separated from the seed. The force of the bond between the fiber and the seed is 2-3 times less than the breaking strength of a single fiber, which allows the fiber to retain its natural properties (such as length, fineness, maturity, etc.) while being separated from the seed during the ginning process. For long-fiber cotton, the bonding force between the seed and fiber is significantly weaker than for medium-length fibers, which makes it possible to separate them by friction against hairy surfaces. Therefore, long-fiber cotton is separated from the seed using roller gins, while medium-length cotton fibers are separated using saw gins. In ginning cotton with seeds, the following technological requirements must be met: Separation of fibers suitable for spinning from the seeds. The working parts of the gins should not damage the fiber or seed during operation. 186 “JOURNAL OF SCIENCE-INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN UZBEK