LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE RESOLUTION OF CONTRACTUAL DISPUTES ARISING FROM THE CROSS-BORDER USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, AUTOMATED DECISION MAKING AND SMART CONTRACTS

Аннотация

This article analyzes the role of artificial intelligence technologies and smart contracts in legal relations, and the legal mechanisms for resolving disputes that arise during their use. Proposals for improving national legislation in this area have also been developed. Keywords: Artificial intelligence, smart contracts, ADR, ODR, contractual dispute resolution, cross-border transactions, automated decision-making, justice, privacy, data protection, jurisdiction, legal consequences. Annotatsiya. Ushbu maqolada sun’iy intellekt texnologiyalari va smart kontraktlarning huquqiy munosabatlardagi o‘rni, ulardan foydalanish jarayonida yuzaga keladigan nizolarni hal etishning huquqiy mexanizmlari tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, ushbu sohada milliy qonunchilikni takomillashtirish bo‘yicha takliflar ishlab chiqilgan. Kalit so‘zlar: Sun’iy intellekt, aqlli shartnomalar, ADR, ODR, shartnomaviy nizolarni hal qilish, transchegaraviy bitimlar, avtomatlashtirilgan qarorlar qabul qilish, adolat, maxfiylik, ma’lumotlarni himoya qilish, yurisdiksiya, huquqiy oqibatlar. Аннотация. В данной статье анализируется роль технологий искусственного интеллекта и смарт-контрактов в правоотношениях, а также правовые механизмы разрешения споров, возникающих при их использовании. Также разработаны предложения по совершенствованию национального законодательства в этой сфере. Ключевые слова: искусственный интеллект, смарт-контракты, ADR, ODR, разрешение договорных споров, трансграничные транзакции, 316 “JOURNAL OF SCIENCE-INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN UZBEKISTAN” JURNALI VOLUME 2, ISSUE 11, 2024. NOVEMBER ResearchBib Impact Factor: 9.654/2024 ISSN 2992-8869 автоматизированное принятие решений, правосудие, конфиденциальность, защита данных, юрисдикция, правовые последствия. Background. Along with the development of modern technologies, artificial intelligence and smart contracts are increasingly widely used in civil-legal relations. This, in turn, leads to the emergence of new types of legal disputes. This article examines the legal aspects of contractual dispute resolution, analyzes the implications of the use of artificial intelligence-based systems, and presents possible solutions to resolve conflicts arising on issues of fairness, privacy, data protection, and jurisdiction. Methodology. In order to study the legal aspects of the resolution of contractual disputes arising from the use of artificial intelligence, automated decision-making and smart contracts across borders, this research paper uses several types of methods. The analysis of the latest achievements and results in the field of scientific literature, international law, artificial intelligence and smart contracts is the main foundation for the introduction to this scientific study and for its further study and research in the future. Discussion. Before entering this topic, it is necessary to touch on concepts such as artificial intelligence, smart contract, and blockchain technologies and learn them in depth. What is artificial intelligence (AI)? AI is computer systems that simulate human mental activity, and these systems perform tasks using machine learning, deep learning, and neural networks. AI has the ability to analyze data, make decisions, and solve problems. In Uzbekistan, the legal status of AI is determined by a number of normative legal documents. In particular, Presidential Decree No. 4996 dated 02.17.2021 “On measures to create conditions for the rapid introduction of artificial intelligence technologies”, PD No. 4699 dated 04.28.2020 – “On digital economy and electronic government” PD No. 358 “On approval of the strategy for the development of artificial intelligence technologies until 2030” and the “Digital Uzbekistan – 2030” strategy. Smart contracts are self-executing digital contracts. A smart contract is an automated and enforceable contract. Although automated by a computer, some parts 317 “JOURNAL OF SCIENCE-INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN UZBEKISTAN” JURNALI VOLUME 2, ISSUE 11, 2024. NOVEMBER ResearchBib Impact Factor: 9.654/2024 ISSN 2992-8869 may require human intervention and supervision. Rights and obligations can be enforced by law or by not changing the computer code1. Smart contracts are typically used to automate the execution of an agreement so that all parties involved can get immediate results without any intermediary involvement or loss of time. They can also automate the workflow to trigger the next action when predefined conditions are met2. Artificial intelligence (AI) and smart contracts are recognized as new objects of civil law. A smart contract is self-executing software based on blockchain technology that converts contract terms into digital code and executes automatically. When talking about smart contracts, the term Blockchain should also be mentioned. Blockchain is a database of transactions consisting of a chain of sequential digital blocks and a system in which all smart contracts are stored. Anyone can see the information in the blockchain, but can