TRANSLATION OF SOME NATIONAL-CULTURAL PHRASEOLOGISMS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF CHULPAN POEMS)

Аннотация

The article examines such features as the reflection of nationality in translation studies, especially in literary translation, as well as the translator's word usage skills on the example of translating the works of Chulpan Abdulkhamid Suleyman ugli. It is known that Chulpan's works are excellent both artistically and ideologically, and this article presents a comparative analysis of some national-cultural phraseologisms in the translation of her poetry. Keywords. Phraseme, phrase, lexical unit, grammatical pattern, knock over, overturn, polysemantic character, reality, shades of meaning, highly praise, well- wishing, with highest recommendation, synonymous line, text content. It can be observed that the emergence of phraseology, that is, expressions, is formed and refined in harmony with the development of the language from time to time, and over time acquires a certain linguistic pattern. They belong to the wealth of vocabulary, that is, when the need for it arises in the course of speech, it does not have to be composed like a sentence, but on the contrary, it is used as a ready-made lexical unit. Phraseological units expressing national- cultural meanings in our language, related to the values of the nation, are considered the lexical wealth of the national language, and their use in fiction translation is inappropriate until they are fully understood. In lyrical works, translation of these linguistic units is allowed, taking into account the possibilities of rhyme, number of syllables and, of course, poetic weight. Below we can trace how in Chulpan's poetry phrasemes are very skilfully used as the main expression of the poet's thoughts: O‘tganlarning zahari ham bu kunda, Ko‘ngillarga tegmay o‘tar kabidir. [1. page 396] Usually, the phraseme “ko‘ngilga tegmoq” means to annoy, to disgust. In the “Explanatory Dictionary of Uzbek Language” it is defined as follows: 170 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference “Ko‘ngliga tegmoq (or urmoq), to tire, to annoy, to get stale, to bore, to tire of” [2. page 448]. But this phrase is not used as a word combination in Uzbek and English. In English, we can say that this phraseme is similar in meaning to the phrasemes “overturn”, “overturn” [3. https://www.thesaurus.com]. Hence, we can see that even in the above-mentioned poem the phrase with the meaning “jonimga tegadigan” served as one of the peculiar pictorial means of symbolism, celebrating the ideas of freedom of the poet. Let us also note one more line from this poem: Og‘iz ochsang, yo‘qsil elni ezmakka, Qon qilmoqqa hasratlaring ko‘p erur.[1. page 396] The phrase “Og‘zi ochiq” also has many meanings in Uzbek language, i.e. this phrase is considered to have many meanings: -og‘zi ochilib qolmoq- be surprised at; -og‘zi ochiq – ro‘za tutmagan kishi; - og‘iz ochmoq – speak, start speaking. [2. page 186] In English, the phrasemes “take someone’s breath away”, “blow someone’s mind” express the meaning of “og‘zi ochilib qolmoq”, that is, astonishment. However, the phraseme og‘zi ochiq-ro‘za tutmagan kishi does not exist in English. This is because this phrase is a concept specific to Islam, and during the month of Ramadan, refers to the process of og‘iz yopib in the morning (stopping eating) and og‘iz ochish in the evening (continuing to eat). Looking at the translation of such phraseology as realia, one has to make separate remarks to it in the work as an addition. Consequently, in such a case, clarification of the interpretation of religious concepts by separate footnotes and comments in the translation of national-cultural phraseological phrases is required. Also, the phrase “qon qilmoq” in Uzbek means to pay close attention, to drive someone into a frenzy. [6. page 329] This phraseme is explained in English through phrases such as “bad-looking”, “make ugly”, “make unattractive”. [15. https://thesaurus.plus] It seems that without a full understanding of the semantic connotations of phraseological phrases in the translation of a work of fiction, especially in poetic works, especially the meaning that derives from the general content of the literary text, it will not be possible to translate it. About it writes literary scholar M. Makhmudov puts it this way: “Grigory Kozintsev, seeing during his trip to England places where Shakespeare was born, lived, created, returning with philosophical reflections, writes: “Poetry perfects, 171 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference purifies people. It makes hearts warm. Noble anger awakens the conscience. People discover in Shakespeare's tragedies the true image of both bravery and arrogance.”[16. page 42] From this we can see that the creator, creating the image of his hero, maximally uses the available in the language pictorial expressions (means), when coming to the surface of which the role of linguistic possibilities in artistic language, such as phraseological phrases, is extremely important, an