PSYCHOSES OBSERVED IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND THEIR PECULIARITIES

Аннотация

Psychoses are symptomatic mental disorders that develop at different stages of infectious diseases. In the early and acute periods, they manifest as confusion, delirium and visual hallucinations. There is disorientation, motor and affective excitation in time and space. Psychoses in the late period of infection are characterized by anxiety-depressive and anxiety-delusional symptoms, manic conditions and asthenia. The diagnosis is made using clinical and psychological methods. The treatment is medicinal and aims to eliminate the underlying disease and relieve psychopathological symptoms. Key words: Psychoses, infectious diseases, delirium, hallucination, anxiety-Depressive, Manic condition. ПСИХОЗЫ, НАБЛЮДАЕМЫЕ ПРИ ИНФЕКЦИОННЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯХ, И ИХ СПЕЦИФИКА Аннотация. Психозы-это симптоматические психические расстройства, которые развиваются на разных стадиях инфекционных заболеваний. В начальный и острый периоды они проявляются в виде спутанности сознания, бреда и зрительных галлюцинаций. Есть дезориентация во времени и пространстве, двигательное и аффективное возбуждение. Психозы позднего периода заражения характеризуются тревожно-депрессивной и тревожно-бредовой симптоматикой, маниакальными состояниями и астенией. Диагностика проводится с помощью клинико-психологических методов. Лечение носит лечебный характер и направлено на устранение основного заболевания и устранение психопатологических симптомов. Ключевые слова: Психозы, инфекции, бред, галлюцинации, тревожно-депрессивное, маниакальное состояние. 197 NEW RENAISSANCE 2025 JANUARY INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 1 Introduction. Psychoses are based on an imbalance of metabolic processes in the central nervous system and autointoxication. With somatic infections, large amounts of toxins appear in the blood, and as a result of their negative impact on the nervous system, infectious psychoses develop. Inflammatory processes, hemorrhagic foci and their consequences disrupt the activity of cortical sections and subcortical structures. Depending on the intensity of the injury, the degree of change in cortical-subcortical interactions, psychosis is manifested by acute psychomotor arousal or lag, disorientation, confusion, effective psychopathology (hallucinations, delusions) [1-4]. According to local studies, in various exogenous psychoses, general psychopathological symptoms are a reflection of a single response option, which is explained by the specific sensitivity of the thalamogipotalamic complex to intoxication. In neuroinfections, psychosis is triggered by the direct introduction of a pathogenic agent into the brain tissue [5-7]. Mental disorders in collapse disease. Due to the fact that this disease is unusually very severe and often ends in death, a separate urine occupies among infections that damage the nervous system. The latent period of quitting lasts 2-10 weeks. In the course of the disease, three periods are distinguished: prodromal, periods of agitation and paralysis [8-10]. The Prodromal period is accompanied by signs such as increased body temperature, sweating, pain in the bite, headache, depressed mood, dryness, bessaramjony and hypersensitivity to external influences. The excitation period is characterized by an increase in body temperature and symptoms characteristic of collapse – hydrophobia and aerophobia. An attempt to drink water leads to severe spasm of the muscles of the hiccups, khalkum and qiziaw. At some point, whining, bruising, shortness of breath attacks, dry mouth, severe thirst occur. During this period of the disease, mental disorders of the type of dullness of consciousness occur. Mainly with chin hallucinations, temptations, dealer, strong affective arousal are observed, the patient can bite himself and his clothes [11-14]. In the next period of the disease, mental changes, agitation and muscle spasm are manifested by paralysis (mainly leg paralysis) and speech (speech) disorders. These are considered death messengers. The death occurred 3-4 days later with an exacerbation of signs of heart failure. There are signs of inflammation in the cranial compartments – severe hyperemia in the cranium and its membranes, hemorrhages, cranial tissue-thinig decay, proliferation of glial cells is observed, which often leads to the formation of collapse nodules [15-18]. Mental disorders in meningitis. Meningitis can be primary and secondary. Primary meningitis is caused directly by infection damage to the cerebral membranes. 198 NEW RENAISSANCE 2025 JANUARY INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 1 Secondary meningitis, on the other hand, is caused by the lymphogenic and haemotagenic descent of infection into the cranial curtain in acute or general infectious diseases. Primary meningitis includes cerebral meningitis called by Vekselman meningococci, acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis, acute meningitis called by Coxsackie and Yesno viruses. Secondary meningitis is differentiate