TEACHERS ABILITY DURING EFL LESSONS

Аннотация

In this article, we discuss the abilities demonstrated by teachers in their teaching activities, their types, and the associated skills. Additionally, we explore "Auxiliary Forms of Education," which are considered relevant today for improving the quality of education, as well as their effectiveness in expanding students' knowledge and preparing them for independent learning. KEYWORDS: ability, pedagogical ability, perceptive ability, didactic ability, organizational ability, constructive ability, communicative ability, cognitive ability, moral qualities, volitional qualities, emotional qualities. An individual's ability is defined as a set of characteristics that enable them to master a specific activity successfully and perform it creatively. Every person is a unique individual whose distinct traits determine their aptitude for certain activities. Success in work or a particular field largely depends on one's abilities. Thus, ability is a combination of individual traits formed in life, which indicate a person's capacity to perform a specific type of activity at a high level. Moreover, ability refers to a person's individual potential and opportunities, distinct from knowledge, which is the result of study. Ability is a feature of a person's psychological and physiological structure. It differs from skills and expertise. Ability is regarded as a gift bestowed upon a person. For example, a capable teacher achieves better results than their colleagues under the same working conditions. In many discussions, we hear people say, "That teacher still knows a lot," even if the teacher has limited experience. This indicates that the teacher possesses several pedagogical abilities, observational skills, pedagogical tact, and strong interpersonal skills, which help them excel in teaching despite their lack of extensive experience. To be successful in their profession, every teacher must have pedagogical mastery. A teacher with pedagogical mastery achieves significant results with minimal effort, introduces innovations through their work, and is always accompanied by creativity. Only those who are talented and capable of pedagogical work can attain pedagogical mastery. Ability emerges and develops through the process of activity. It differs from skills and proficiency, which result from practice and learning. The development of ability, however, requires talent and intelligence, which progress based on the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the human nervous system. For effective pedagogical activity, every teacher must possess and continually develop the following abilities: 1. Cognitive Ability – This refers to abilities related to specific fields of study, such as mathematics, physics, literature, and others. Teachers with such abilities possess not only the 73 ILM-FAN VA INNOVATSIYA ILMIY-AMALIY KONFERENSIYASI in-academy.uz/index.php/si knowledge required for the course but also a broader understanding of the subject. They constantly observe and analyze discoveries in their field and may even innovate in pedagogy themselves. 2. Explanatory Ability – This is crucial and involves effectively delivering educational material in an understandable manner, clearly explaining a topic or issue, and fostering active, critical thinking in students. A teacher must be able to adapt, simplify, and convey complex or unclear material in a way that is accessible to students. A capable teacher considers the level of students' understanding, what they know, what they do not, and what they may have forgotten. Some teachers, especially less experienced ones, might assume certain material is straightforward and requires no further clarification, leaving some students confused. A skilled teacher places themselves in the students' position, recognizing that what seems clear to adults may be challenging for students. 3. Observational Ability – This involves understanding the inner world of students, comprehending their personalities, and observing their psychological capacities. Teachers with such abilities can detect even subtle changes in a student’s emotional state based on small signs or external behaviors. 4. Speech Ability – This refers to the ability to clearly and precisely express emotions and thoughts through speech and gestures. It is vital for teachers to communicate effectively. 5. Organizational Ability – This includes, first, the ability to organize a group of students, motivate them to solve important tasks, and, second, effectively manage one's own work. By possessing and enhancing these abilities daily, teachers can ensure their pedagogical work is both impactful and efficient. 1. The Ability to Earn Respect – This refers to the capacity to exert direct emotional and volitional influence on students and, as a result, gain their respect. Respect is not only achieved through this but also through the teacher's strong knowledge of their subject, kindness, politeness, and other qualities. This ability is closel