THE INFLUENCE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS ON THE GROWTH DYNAMICS OF ANNUAL BRANCHES OF BLACKBERRY (RUBUS FRTUCOSUS) PLANT

Аннотация

In this article, information on the effect of mineral fertilizers on the dynamics of height growth in the field conditions of rubus fruticosus varieties is detailed. Based on the experiments carried out in the central field of Andijan Scientific Experiment Station of Akademik Makhmud Mirzaev Research Institute of Horticulture, Viticulture and Winemaking named after Akademik Makhmud Mirzaev, Izboskan District, Andijan Region, the dynamics of growth of the blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) plant, mineral fertilizers N P K + organic 120 90 30 fertilizer at the rate of 20 tons option 2 plant when used average height is 130 cm. organized the It was observed that this variant showed 28-38% higher plant growth and development compared to the control variant. In the experiment, it was found that the difference between the options changed under the influence of the applied mineral fertilizer. Key words: blackberry, field conditions, agrotechnics, height growth dynamics, mineral fertilizer, fertilizer rate, Chester Torness, Black jam, Troynaya corona. In the territory of our republic, many wild and cultivated species of berry crops grow and produce, which can be widely used in the fight against a number of diseases. In accordance with this, cultivation of medicinal plants that grow wild in the regions, development of agrotechnology for their cultivation on a scientific basis, and production of berry products on an industrial scale is one of the most urgent problems of today. Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) is a perennial shrub, a berry fruit, belonging to the ribis family. There are more than 1,350 wild species of blackberrys, widely distributed in the temperate and subtropical regions of Eurasia. Cultivated varieties of blackberry are common or red (R.idaeus), rough-haired or American blackberry (R.strigosus), western or blackberry-like blackberry 85 CURRENT APPROACHES AND NEW RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCES International scientific-online conference (R.occidentalis) and other species. Cultivated in Central Asia, East Siberia, Far East, USA and European countries, the first hybrids were obtained in 1867 in Penn State, USA. As a leader from the United States, by 1995, in the states of Oregon, California, Arkansas, for growing blackberry fruits on an industrial scale, blackberry cultivation became popular as a result of the production of 1,930,000 kilograms on an area of 2,500 hectares and export to European countries. Due to the presence of carotene, ascorbic acid and tocopherol cobalamin, which are part of vitamin V, the fruit is widely used in the prevention of various infectious diseases, especially in the elimination of the complications of the COVID-19 disease. Blackberry root is perennial, stem is biennial. The height of the bush is 3-10 m. Leaves appear simultaneously with the growth of the branch. The growth of leaves takes an average of 30-32 days. The leaves are three-lobed or five-seven- lobed, edged light green, hairy dark downy on both sides, complex, arranged in a row. The flowers are white, some varieties are pink, bisexual, self-pollinating. The fruit is black, sometimes pink. In Uzbekistan, it blooms at the end of April and at the beginning of May. The flowers of the first order appear at the tip of the stem, the subsequent flower buds develop in the middle and lower parts. The fruit begins to ripen at the end of May-June, some varieties finish fruiting in the second half of August. The fruit has an aromatic taste, juicy, good, sweet, slightly sour, freshly picked fruits can be stored for 4-5 days in natural conditions. Research methods. Research "Method and program for researching varieties of fruits, berries and nut plants" developed by the All-Russian Research Institute of Fruit Breeding (Oryol 1999); Biochemical and physiological researches were carried out in accordance with the "Method and program of testing varieties of fruit crops" (1973) of the Russian Research Institute of Horticulture named after I.V. Michurin. Chester tornless, Black jam, Troynaya karona varieties of blackberry were selected for research. Blackberry seedlings 2.5x1 m. studied in planting schemes. The effect of different rates of NPK used in the experiment on the growth of one- year branches of the blackberry cultivars was studied in 4 experiments as follows: 1-option N P K , 120 90 30 2- option N P K +Organic fertilizer tons, 120 90 30 20 86 CURRENT APPROACHES AND NEW RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCES International scientific-online conference 3- option N P K + Organic fertilizer tons, 90 67 22 20 4- option Organic fertilizer tons. 20 From this, 1-option, N P K , was taken as a control option. 120 90 30 The Growth dynamics of one- Counted Varietie number year branches cm plants, № s name Experiments of number of Relative to branches Sm bushes Control, % counted 1-option (Control) 5 15 211,8 100 Chester 2- option 5 19 256,6 121 Torness 1 3- option 5 17 238,2 113 4- option 5 20 198,4 94 1- option (Control) 5 22 164,1 100 "Black 2- option 5