NATIONAL-HISTORICAL TRADITIONS IN CITY

Аннотация

The creative process in urban planning is based on careful preservation of past examples, cultural and architectural monuments, but at the same time rejects blind imitation, because the developing society constantly changes its material, aesthetic forms and ideals. People's self-awareness and cultural change, the development of construction techniques, the appearance of new building materials, which led to a high level of development of architecture. Therefore, all the design and construction process carried out in the urban development is necessarily carried out on the basis of conditions and factors representing national traditions. This article examines the principles of development of the tasks set in urban planning based on national historical traditions. Key words. Urban planning, socio-economic factor, urbanization, demography, settlements. НАЦИОНАЛЬНО-ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ ТРАДИЦИИ В ГОРОДЕ Р.Т.Пардаев, Б.Юлдашева Преподаватель, Самаркандский государственный университет архитектуры и строительства, Самарканд, Узбекистан. Аннотация. Творческий процесс в градостроительстве основан на бережном сохранении образцов прошлого, памятников культуры и архитектуры, но в то же время отвергает слепое подражание, поскольку развивающееся общество постоянно меняет свои материальные, эстетические формы и идеалы. Самосознание народа и культурные изменения, развитие строительных технологий, появление новых строительных материалов привели к высокому уровню развития архитектуры. Поэтому весь процесс проектирования и строительства, осуществляемый в сфере городского развития, обязательно осуществляется с учетом условий и факторов, 23 ISSN (E): 2992-9148 SJIF 2024 = 5.333 ResearchBib Impact Factor: 9.576 / 2024 VOLUME-2, ISSUE-9 отражающих национальные традиции. В данной статье рассматриваются принципы разработки задач, поставленных в градостроительстве, исходя из национальных исторических традиций. Ключевые слова. Городское планирование, социально-экономические факторы, урбанизация, демография, поселения. Introduction. Urban planning is the theory and practice of planning and construction of cities and settlements, which comprehensively solves socio- economic, sanitary-hygiene, technical transport construction and architectural- artistic tasks related to design and construction. Residential system, taking into account socio-economic tasks, as well as national traditions, prospects for the development of cities or settlements, economically efficient use of natural and territorial resources, reasonable population growth and optimal organization of cultural and household services for the population are the factors to be decided in the selection. The development of national culture is determined by the progressive characteristics and traditions of the international formation of a certain region or continent, where the natural and climatic characteristics of the geographical environment are the basis for the formation of national traditions. Social way of life and social relations have a significant influence on the formation of specific characteristics of national traditions. For example, based on ancient traditions, Russian classicism of the 18th century became a unique phenomenon of Russian culture. Metodhs. The process of designing on the basis of national traditions is evident in developing countries that have gone to the path of strengthening national identity. Together with the struggle for political independence and independence, a complex process of strengthening national culture takes place here. At the same time, the process of internationalization and rapprochement of cultures of different peoples, united by common humanistic principles of urban planning and architecture, takes place here. During this period, strong efforts to liberate the peoples of the colonial countries and to strengthen the national identity of the developing countries created a unique national culture. Advanced national schools of architecture have emerged in India, Africa, Latin America and other regions of the world. The formation of these schools is related to social, economic and natural-climatic events in the general 24 ISSN (E): 2992-9148 SJIF 2024 = 5.333 ResearchBib Impact Factor: 9.576 / 2024 VOLUME-2, ISSUE-9 development of progressive urban development. As a result, Brazil, Chandigarh, Skopje and other large cities appeared. The main terms representing national traditions in urban planning include: - specific natural-climatic factors that operate historically for a long time, in particular, characteristic of a warm climate, as well as geographical environment; - the influence of a specific socio-economic situation in which national traditions are formed; - level of technological development of society. Results. In the process of development of national traditions, the demographic composition, as well as the artistic and aesthetic ideals of the people, which include the uniqueness of tastes, ideas and criteria in building aesthetics, play an