BASIC CONCEPTS OF THE GROWTH OF MOTOR DEVELOPMENT IN GYMNASTICS

Аннотация

; Motor development. Emphasizing that it is time to acquire, balance and reduce motor skills of the body; In the same process, he explained the importance of growth, maturity, readiness and learning. Physical development of a person begins before birth and continues to grow in the subsequent period. Motor development occurs after physical development occurs. previously formed as a reflex Some of the movements continue throughout life as reflexes, while some become motor skills over time with proper use of the organs. At the core of motor development, an academic discipline, is content related to views and principles related to growth, development, and motor movement. Key words : physical education , sports gymnastics , students , development , healthy marriage style , exercises, Periods of development. At the end of general motor development, a person's progress in movement skills is determined. Parameters such as strength, speed, coordination, balance and agility can be improved with training programs designed to improve motor skills. Currently, the development of motor skills is given great importance and time. Although the development of motor skills depends entirely on the opportunity, motivation and training provided to the individual, it is fully accepted that these skills do not develop by themselves. Periods of motor development Gallahue thought of "motor development" as a stage that begins in utero and continues into later life, creating a four-stage model. Each period consists of different stages. Periods of development  Period of reflexive actions (0-1 years)  The period of primitive movements (1-2 years old)  Period of basic movements (2-7 years)  Period of sports-related activities (7 years and older) 337 https://universalpublishings.com МЕДИЦИНА, ПЕДАГОГИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ: ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА Researchbib Impact factor: 11.79/2023 SJIF 2024 = 5.444 Том 2, Выпуск 9, 30 Сентябрь Period of reflexive actions (0-1 years) Reflex actions occur during this period. It is observed in all fetuses and babies. Thanks to reflexes, the baby collects all the information about the environment and recognizes its body. Primitive reflexes that occur during reflexive movements (sucking, searching, grasping, plantar flexion, Babinski, etc.) provide more nutritional and protective functions, while reflexive movements associated with posture (stepping, crawling, pulling, parachute, support, etc.) is like a voluntary behavior and helps the body to stand upright. The period of primitive movements (1-2 years old) With the development of the central nervous system, control is primarily provided by the head and trunk, and secondly by the arms and legs. Primitive movements, known as the first step of voluntary movements, are observed at the age of 0-2 years. A child's ability to stand, crawl, and sit on its own shows the importance of maturity in its development. In addition to bone, muscle and nervous system development in the first two years of life, a child's movements result from the exercise opportunities that parents provide for their babies. Although primitive movements parallel maturation, they follow a predictable sequence in their emergence. Under normal conditions, this sequence does not change, but the appearance and speed of these movements may differ in each child. Genetic and environmental influences form the basis of these changes. The period of basic movements (2-7 years). This is a period of increased motor development that occurs during early childhood. Here the child reveals the ability to move his body; By using body parts and the coordination between them, they acquire different and complex skills. During the period of basic movements, the child develops balance, locomotor and manipulative movement parameters and learns to perform movements first one by one, and then simultaneously. The period of basic movements creates not only the basic characteristics of the movements, but also their individual styles and characteristics. Movement models are examined one by one and combinations of these movements are revealed and movements such as running, catching, throwing, kicking, jumping and rolling are combined. Movements form the basis of many sports networks. For example; Throwing something forward is a basic movement in sports like volleyball or tennis. The development of skills paves the way for sports activities. 338 https://universalpublishings.com МЕДИЦИНА, ПЕДАГОГИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ: ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА Researchbib Impact factor: 11.79/2023 SJIF 2024 = 5.444 Том 2, Выпуск 9, 30 Сентябрь Period of sports-related activities (7 years and older) This stage is a continuation of the period of main actions. Actions in this part are goal-oriented. The skills acquired during the main activities can be combined with the rules and become joint activities. Explain with an example; Jumping and jumping skills learned during basic movements can be translated into a structured jump rope game that requires cooperation in th