MOISTURE ABSORPTION CHARACTERISTICS OF YARNS IN VARIOUS ENVIRONMENTS

Аннотация

INTRODUCTION evaporation" are noted [1]. The importance of Moisture absorption indicators of fabrics are one structural changes to improve these indicators is of the important factors determining the quality of emphasized. Studying the modification of materials. These indicators directly affect the polyester fibers with alkaline and surfactants, he comfort, durability and functionality of the fabric. noted "significant improvement in moisture Depending on the type of thread, its structure and absorption performance" [2]. This approach is environmental conditions, such as temperature promising for creating fabrics resistant to wet and humidity, the moisture absorption properties environments. Considering the methods of can vary significantly. Modern research is focused extracting nanofibers from agricultural waste on the deeper study of the mechanisms of moisture using environmentally friendly methods, it was absorption, with the aim of creating innovative noted that these fibers are "sensitive to moisture fabrics. This article analyzes important and require special processing methods" [3]. information on moisture absorption properties studied the properties of "moisture absorption and using scientific papers on the subject. wetting" of silk fibers and noted that they have In the study, comfort properties of fibers were high functionality and aesthetic advantages [4]. studied under standard atmospheric conditions. studied ultrahigh molecular polyethylene fibers Properties of "rapid moisture absorption and https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajet 181 THE USA JOURNALS THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (ISSN – 2689-0984) VOLUME 06 ISSUE12 under different temperature and humidity relative humidity, and pressure, and is usually conditions and found "significant changes in expressed as a function of temperature using the moisture absorption properties" [5]. analyzed the Arrhenius equation: structure and properties of silk fibers and showed "significant influence of external temperature and 𝑘(𝑇)= 𝑘 0 𝑒 − 𝐸 𝑅 𝑎 𝑇 humidity on moisture absorption and mechanical (1) properties" [6]. studied fabrics intended for medical clothing and concluded that their "good air Here: permeability and moisture absorption properties • k0 is a pre-exponential factor (1/s). ensure long-term comfort" [7]. analyzed textile • Ea - activation energy (J/mol). ropes and emphasized the importance of their "moisture absorption properties for flexibility and • R is the universal gas constant (8.314 functionality in various conditions" [8]. studied J/mol·K). membranes based on fibers and concluded that • T is absolute temperature (K). they "enable evaporation of moisture and passive Pressure and relative humidityto take into cooling" [9]. studied woven fabrics for sportswear and found that they "effectively wick away account k can be determined experimentally and moisture and provide comfort for athletes" [10]. empirically related functions can be added to it. Theoretical part Equilibrium moisture content Meq(T,RH,P): The following model can be proposed to represent GAB model(Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer the process of moisture absorption for pile fabrics model) is a widely used physicochemical model for made of cotton fiber in the form of a time describing moisture sorption isotherms. It was differential equation taking into account developed on the basis of the BET model temperature, relative humidity and pressure. (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller), which allows for a Markings: more accurate description of the moisture • M(t)— amount of moisture in the tissue at absorption properties of materials. time ttt (% or kg water/kg dry matter). Limitations of the BET model: • Meq(T,RH,P)— equilibrium moisture Although the BET model takes into account the content under given temperature (T), monolayer and multilayer processes of adsorption, relative humidity (RH) and pressure (P) it does not perform well under conditions of high conditions. relative humidity (>0.5). To overcome these • k(T,RH,P)— moisture absorption rate limitations, the GAB model was developed. constant, depending on temperature, Basics of the GAB model: relative humidity and pressure (1/s). The GAB model is based on the following key Rate constant k(T,RH,P): assumptions: The rate constant depends on temperature, https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajet 182 THE USA JOURNALS THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (ISSN – 2689-0984) VOLUME 06 ISSUE12 1. Monolayer adsorption:On the surface of 𝑑𝑀(𝑡) = 𝑘 0 𝑒 − 𝐸 𝑅 𝑎 𝑇[M 𝑒𝑞 (T,RH,P)−M(t)] 𝑑𝑡 the adsorbent, the molecules form the first (3) layer, the energy of this layer is the lowest. Pressure affects the boiling point of water and the 2. Multilayer adsorption:After the first layer, partial pressure of water vapor. The Antoine high-energy layers are formed, in which equation is used to express the effect of pressure: adsorbate molecules interact with each For it, we determine the partial pressure of wat