THE LIFE AND WORK OF AJINIYAZ QOSIBAY OĞLI

Аннотация

This article discusses the life and work of Ajiniyaz Qosibay oğli, the celebration of the poet's 175th anniversary, and his cultural and educational work. Keywords: poet, science, lyrics, madrasa, folklore genres. ЖИЗНЬ И ТВОРЧЕСТВО АЖИНИЯЗА КОСИБАЯ ОГЛЫ Аннотация. В статье рассматриваются жизнь и творчество Ажинияза Косибая оглы, празднование 175-летия поэта, его культурно-просветительская деятельность. Ключевые слова: поэт, наука, лирика, медресе, фольклорные жанры. Ajiniyaz was born in 1824 on the southern shore of the Aral Sea, in the village of Qamish Bugat, Muynak district, on the banks of the Amu Darya, in the areas inhabited by the Ashamayli- Kiyat tribe of the Karakalpaks[2][3]. Ajiniyaz's father Qosibay, and his brothers Baltabek and Akjigit were heroes of their time. His mother Nazira was a eloquent, charming lady. Ajiniyaz was interested in science since childhood. He first studied at the Khojamurad imam madrasah, and then, after the death of his mother, he took lessons from his uncle Elmurad. In addition to attending classes, the future poet was also engaged in rewriting books, which made him famous. At the age of 16, he rewrote several poems by Alisher Navoi. Ajinyoz continued his studies in Khiva. In the ancient cultural center of Khorezm, he studied first at the Shergozikhan madrasah, where the Turkmen classical poet Makhtumkuli studied, and then at the Kutlimurat Inak madrasah[2]. Today, at the entrance to the madrasah, you can see the inscription: "Here in 1840- 1845, the poet Ajinyoz Qosiboy oglu studied." Along with spiritual sciences, Ajinyaz studied the poetry of classical Eastern poets such as Navoi, Hafiz, Sa'di Shirazi, and Fuzuli at the Kutlimurot Inaq Madrasah, which greatly influenced his advanced lyricism. After graduating from the Kutlimurot Inaq Madrasah, Ajinyaz returned to his village, but soon left for Kazakhstan again and stayed there for a year. Upon his return, he married a girl named Khamra from the Ashmayli tribe, and his wife had two sons and a daughter. His descendants now live in the Kungirat, Qanlikol, and Shumanay districts and the city of Nukus. The Kungarat Uprising of 1858–1859, one of the most important events in the history of the peoples living in the Khorezm oasis, had a great influence on Ajinyaz's poetic nature. The patriot and scholar could not remain indifferent to this event, but rather preferred to take an active part in it. Then, as one of the leaders of the uprising, he was exiled to Turkmenistan by the Khiva government[4]. During his exile, the poet translated many of Makhtumkuli's poems into the 831 ResearchBib IF-2023: 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Valume 1 Issue 10 Karakalpak language[3]. Three years later, Ajinyaz returned home. Due to circumstances, he went to Kazakhstan. It is believed that in 1864, during a trip to Kazakhstan, he participated in a lyrical competition called "Kiz Mengesh" with a Kazakh poet. Compared to other contemporary folklore genres of the region, the aytsuv was especially popular. It was published in the Tashkent newspaper "Turkestanskiye vedomosti" in 1878. He died in 1878[2]. He was one of the first among the Karakalpak intellectuals to achieve the rank of akhund. He was fluent in Uzbek, Kazakh, and Turkmen[3]. About 100 poems and epics have come down to us from Ajinyaz's literary heritage. His poems glorify the ideas of patriotism and humanity. A.'s humanistic ideas and philosophical views are expressed in such works as "Need", "Will", "If Not", "Good", "Guys". His works are widely known among the people. The work "Speaking with Girl Mengesh" (1878) is famous. The writer K. Sultanov wrote the novel "Ajiniyoz" (1967) about his life, and the poet I. Yusupov created the libretto for the opera "Ajiniyoz" (1989). His works were published in Uzbek ("Selected Works", 1962, etc.). In 1999, the 175th anniversary of the birth of Ajiniyoz was widely celebrated in Uzbekistan. A square named after the poet was built in a picturesque place in the city of Nukus and a monument to Ajiniyoz was erected. The 200th anniversary of the birth of Ajiniyoz Qosiboy oglu is widely celebrated in Uzbekistan. The presidential decree “On the wide celebration of the 200th anniversary of the birth of the famous Karakalpak poet and thinker Ajinyoz Qosiboy oglu” was adopted. A program of measures is approved to celebrate the 200th anniversary of the poet’s birth and widely promote his creative heritage, which includes the following tasks: Publishing the poet’s collection “Selected Works” in Uzbek and Karakalpak languages; Creating stage plays dedicated to the poet’s life and work and the art and journalistic film “Ajinyoz” and organizing their presentations; Organizing a museum of the poet at the Nukus State Pedagogical Institute named after Ajinyoz; Beautifying the grave of Ajinyoz Qosiboy oglu in the Muynak district and erecting a monument to it, and establishing an eco-park named after Ajinyoz Qosiboy oglu in this district; Organizing solemn literary and