Symbolic image in the interpretation of stories by Doris Lessing

Аннотация

The presented article deals with the analysis of the concept of symbolic image in modern English literature. In the history of English literature, the novel of the British writers illustrate different concepts of the symbolic image. Famous English writer of the XX century Doris Lessing's story entitled "Flight ", has a lot to convey to readers. With a single title "Flight", Doris Lessing describes the first step to freedom, liberty and a new life as if the bird was flying for the first time and therefore experiencing hardships Key words: talent, culture, symbol, passion, freedom, precession. O‗z asarlaridagi g‗oyani ramziy ma‗no tufayli o‗quvchi yoshlarga va kitobxonlarga yetkazib berayotgan yozuvchilar talaygina. Ramz so‘zi arabcha so‘z bo‘lib, "ishora qilmoq" degan ma‘noni anglatadi [Quronov D., Mamajonov Z., Sheraliyeva M.: 2013]. Ramziy obraz tushunchasi qadimdan barcha xalqlar folklori va adabiyotida ma‘lum va mashhur. Ayris Myerdok, Jon Le Kar, Joan Xarris, Julian Barns, Doris Lessing kabi ingliz ijodkorlari va O‘tkir Hoshimov, Chingiz Aytmatov, Xudoyberdi To‘xtaboyev , O‘lmas Umarbekov kabi mashhur yozuvchilarimiz ramziy obrazlardan mohirona foydalanishgan. Buni birgina Chingiz Aytmatovning "Oq kema" qissasida foydalangan "shoxdor ona bug‘u" so‘zi orqali ezgulik, yaxshilik, oliyjanoblik, mehr-oqibat kabi tuyg‘ularni, "baliq" obrazi orqali esa erk va qudratni ifodalashi yozuvchining yuksak iste‘dod egasi ekanligidan dalolat beradi. Ingliz adabiyotining yetakchi vakillaridan biri sanalgan Doris Lessing ko‘plab romanlar, hikoyalar, adabiyotshunoslik muammolariga bag‘ishlangan esselar va novellar muallifidir. U o‘z asarlari orqali ko‘pincha insonlarning zamonaviy hayot tarzi hamda shu zamondagi ijtimoiy adolatsizliklarni ko‘rsatib berishga harakat qilgan. "Maysa kuylamoqda" (The Grass is singing, 1950), "Zo‘ravonlik bolalari" (The Children of Violence), "Yaxshi qo‘shnining kundaligi" (Diary of a Good Neighbour, 1983), "To‘rt darvozali shahar" (The Four-Gated City, 1969) kabi asarlari shular jumlasidandir. Yozuvchi asarlarining aksariyati tarjimai hol mazmunidagi asarlar bo‘lib, ularda Afrikadagi ijtimoiy va siyosiy kurashlar, ruhiy iztiroblar, madaniyatlar to‘qnashuvi, mustamlakachi va qora tanlilar o‘rtasidagi munosabatlar to‘grisida hikoya qilinadi. Lessing yuksak va samarali adabiy faoliyati uchun 2007-yil 11-oktabr kuni Shvetsiya Fanlar akademiyasi tomonidan "Nobel mukofati"ga loyiq yozuvchi deb topildi. U ushbu mukofotini 88 yoshida olgan, eng keksa mukofotlanganlar orasida uchinchi keksa Nobel mokofoti sovrindoriga aylandi. U adabiyot bo‘yicha "Nobel mukofoti"ga sazovor bo‘lgan 11-ayol edi. Lessing asarlarini ayol tajribasidan paydo bo‘lgan ehtiros, shubha va kelajakka bo‘lgan qarashlarini boy kolleksiya o‘laroq saqlab qolinishi kerakligini ta‘kidlaydi. Doris Lessing ijodi davomida ramziy obrazlardan yuksak did ila, mohirona foydalangan yozuvchi desak hech ham mubolag‘a bo‘lmaydi. Biz bu so‘zlarni isboti sifatida uning qalamiga mansub bo‘lgan "Parvoz" (Flight, 1957) hikoyasini keltirishimiz mumkin. Yozuvchi ushbu mo‘jazgina hikoyasi va birgina "Parvoz" -Flight so‘zi orqali, hayotimizda juda katta ahamiyat kasb etgan erkinlik, ozodlik, mas‘uliyat, barcha go‘zal qizlarga xos qat‘iyat, sevgi va erkinlikka intilish tuyg‘ularini samimiy tarzda tasvirlab bergan. Ushbu hikoyada yozuvchi endigina tuxumdan chiqqan polaponni inidan olib qo‘ygan insonni qushchani parvozga undashini qanchalik mohir tarzda tasvirlaganligiga guvoh bo‗lamiz: "Above the old manʼs head was the devocate, a tall wire-netted shelf on stills, full of strutting, preening birds. The sunlight broke on their grey breasts into small rainbows. His ears were lulled by their crooning, his hands stretched up towards the favorite, a homing pigeon, a young plump-bodied bird which stood still when it was saw him and cocked a shrewd bright eye. "Pretty, pretty" he said, as he grasped the bird and drew it down, feeling the cold coral claws tighten around his finger. Content, he rested the bird lightly on 102 his chest and leaned against a tree, gazing out beyond the devocate into the landscape of a late afternoon [Lessing: 1957] Lessing polapon bilan Elis ismli sho‘x, go‘zal, qat‘iyatli, 18 bahorini qarshilagan qizning hayotiga ramziy ma‘noda qiyoslaydi: "His eyes travelled homewards along this road until he saw his granddaughter swinging on the gate underneath a frangipani tree. Her hair fell down her back in a wave of sunlight and long bare legs repeated the angels of the frangipani stems, shining brown stems among patterns pale blosssom. Her grandfather's mood shifted. He delibrately held out his wrist for the bird to take a flight and caught it again at the moment it spread it's wings" [Lessing D.: 1957]. Chunki Elis Stiven ismli yigitni yoqtirib qoladi va u bilan turmush qurish niyatida ekanligini bobosiga bildiradi. Lekin bobosi uning bu fikriga qarshilik qiladi, Elis esa o‘z fikrini o‘zgartirish niyati yo‘q ekanligini aytadi va o‘z uyini tark