INVESTIGATING THERMAL EFFECTS AND POLLUTANT DISPERSION IN STREET CANYONS THROUGH CFD MODELING

Аннотация

INTRODUCTION physical properties of surrounding buildings and Urbanization has led to the proliferation of street surfaces. canyons—narrow, enclosed spaces formed by buildings lining both sides of a street. While these Understanding the interplay between airflow, structures maximize space in densely populated thermal effects, and pollutant dispersion in street areas, they also create complex canyons is critical for urban planners and microenvironments characterized by limited environmental scientists. This knowledge is airflow, increased heat retention, and higher essential for developing strategies to mitigate pollutant concentrations. In street canyons, natural adverse health and environmental impacts in ventilation is often restricted, which can trap urban areas. Traditional observational methods, pollutants emitted from vehicles and other sources, while valuable, are often limited in scope and fail to leading to poor air quality and thermal discomfort capture the detailed dynamics of these complex for residents and pedestrians. The thermal and environments. Computational Fluid Dynamics dispersion characteristics of these canyons depend (CFD) modeling, however, offers a powerful tool for on multiple factors, including canyon geometry, simulating airflow, heat transfer, and pollutant wind speed and direction, solar radiation, and the transport under a variety of conditions. CFD can https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajet 8 THE USA JOURNALS THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (ISSN – 2689-0984) VOLUME 06 ISSUE12 provide insights into how different canyon with adjustable parameters such as building geometries and meteorological conditions height, aspect ratio, and street width to simulate influence pollutant dispersion and thermal effects, different canyon geometries commonly observed making it an invaluable tool in urban in urban environments. The CFD model was set up environmental studies. using the ANSYS Fluent software, incorporating a 3D domain with boundary conditions to represent This study employs CFD modeling to investigate an open canyon environment, allowing for realistic thermal effects and pollutant dispersion within airflow and heat transfer dynamics. street canyons under various configurations. By simulating different wind directions, building Meteorological conditions, such as wind speed and heights, and aspect ratios, we aim to understand direction, solar radiation, and ambient how these factors interact to influence air quality temperature, were varied in the simulations to and thermal comfort within the canyon. The assess their impact on pollutant dispersion and findings from this research can inform urban heat retention. Wind profiles were configured to planning and policy, helping to design healthier, mimic urban atmospheric boundary layers, with a more sustainable cities by mitigating the adverse focus on examining the effects of both parallel and effects of pollutant accumulation and heat perpendicular wind directions relative to the retention in street canyons. canyon orientation. Solar radiation effects were incorporated using a radiation model within CFD,