AGROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND HUMUS RESERVES OF IRRIGATED SOILS OF GIJDUVAN DISTRICT

Аннотация

INTRODUCTION agriculture in some areas of Kashkadarya, 70% of the total land area of our republic is located Surkhandarya, Bukhara, Khorezm and other in the desert zone, which includes Ustyurt, regions. Various agricultural crops (cotton, grain, Kyzylkum, Malikchul, Sherabad, deserts of Karshi alfalfa and other crops) are grown in a number of and other areas. Currently, the largest share of the districts of the Bukhara region. The study of the areas occupied in agriculture falls on natural evolution, genesis and properties of these soils pastures, about 83% of which fall on arid regions used in agriculture for the preservation and (desert, hill) [5, 9]. restoration of their fertility, effective use of soils is The soil cover of the desert zone is extremely relevant. complex and is characterized by its complexity, the The main purpose of the study is to study the complexity of the relief, high temperatures, low influence of various anthropogenic factors on the humus content, high carbonate content, salinity, as evolution, properties and properties of irrigated well as saline sands and gypsum. soils common in the Giduvan district of Bukhara The soils of the desert zone have been poorly region, increasing their fertility and effective use. studied in comparison with other soils of our Literature Analysis republic. Despite the fact that data on the soils of our republic have been provided for a long time, Agriculture is gaining momentum all over the their study was not given importance due to the world, and in recent years extensive work has been fact that sandy accumulations are common in carried out to meet the needs of the population for combination with aeolian sediments, alluvial safe food products, including soil conservation, deposits. conservation, restoration and improvement of soil fertility, efficient use of land resources, Currently, sandy desert soils are used in irrigated https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajabe 16 THE USA JOURNALS THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (ISSN – 2689-1018) VOLUME 06 ISSUE11 improvement of soil mechanical composition, factor are given, the importance of agrophysical water-physical properties, soil reclamation, properties in increasing soil fertility is scientifically environmental protection, etc. scientific research is substantiated [19]. being carried out to study the influence of Having studied the evolution and fertility of the anthropogenic factors [21, 22, 23, 24, 25]. soils of the Bukhara region, assessing the ecological The evolution (development) of soils is a state of the territory, the interaction of natural and fundamental and relevant theoretical problem of anthropogenic factors in the evolution of oasis soils soil science. The solution to this problem was studied, the content and reserves of humus, determines the origin of soil properties, the state of salt composition and migration were determined, soil classification and its improvement, the correct as well as changes in biological and agrochemical assessment of the influence of anthropogenic properties of soils in the context of oasis soils of the factors on soils, changes in the state, properties and desert region under the influence of irrigation properties of soils, as well as the development of waters, the conditions for the formation of oasis medium- and long-term analyses [6]. soils were determined, the intensity and nature of the manifestation of the processes of evolution, The evolution of soils is the doctrine of changes depending on their differences from the occurring in the soil, which has both theoretical elementary processes of natural soils, as well as the and practical significance. Time and age of soils degree of soil change under the influence of play an important role in the factors of soil irrigation, the stages of formation of oasis soils formation, and V.V.Dokuchaev paid great attention were studied [2, 3, 4]. to the evolution of soils in his proposed natural- history method. Soil evolution is a fundamental The study of the evolution, properties and theoretical problem, the result of which is the characteristics of irrigated soils of the Gijduvan assessment of soil properties, the state of soil district of the Bukhara region and the influence of classification and its solutions, the study of climate anthropogenic factors on them is of scientific and change, the influence of human activity practical importance. (anthropogenic factors) [7, 9, 20].