Типы прагмалингвистических аспектов категории удивления

Аннотация

Мазкур мақола ҳайратланиш категориясининг прагмалингвистик ас- пектининг тадқиқига бағишланган. Ҳайратланишнинг оддий тури шунчаки ҳайратланиш ва унга ёндaш ҳиссиётларнинг бирикмаси бўлиб, комплекс тури эса ҳайратланиш билан биргаликда, умуман, бошқа ҳиссиётлар ва туйғулар мажмуидир. Аннотация. Настоящая статья посвящается исследованию прагмалингвистичес- кого аспекта категории удивления. Простой тип удивления представляет собой сочета- ние удивления и сопровождающих эмоций, в то время как комплексное удивление – это сочетание удивления с другими чувствами и эмоциями. Annotation. The present article is devoted to investigation of pragmalinguistic aspect of astonishment category. Simple astonishment is considered to be a combination of surprise and accompanying emotions as for the complex astonishment – it is a combination of surprise with other feelings and emotions. Калит сўзлар: прагмалингвистик аспект, ҳайратланиш категорияси, очиқ, яширин, оддий, комплекс, эмоционал категория, туйғу, руҳий аҳвол. Ключевые слова: прагмалингвистический аспект, категория удивления, открытый, скрытый, простой, комплексный, эмоциональная категория, чувство, психологическое состояние. Key words: pragmalinguistic aspect, astonishment category, open, concealed, simple, com- plex, emotional category, feeling, psychological state. 1 Shakhmatov A.A. Syntax of the Russian language. L.,Uchpedgiz, 1941, 226 p. 125 In the last decade human factor became one of the progressive in linguistic science. More and more attention of linguists is paid for analysis of emotional phenomena from anthropological point of view. Astonishment in the present dissertation is investigated as emotional pragmalin- guistic category, which is actualized in speech situation and written texts. Actuality of the theme of investigation is proved by the growing interest of modern lin- guistic science to interaction of the author and reader or speaker and listener, to formation of emotional feelings in this process. Astonishment belongs to emotional feelings too. Astoni- shment category is the least investigated phenomenon, especially from pragmalinguistic view- point. Astonishment category is expressed mostly in speech act and is included into literary and publicistic texts. It creates special atmosphere and accompanies the reader or listener during the whole process of getting information, strengthening his/her emotional state. Exactly, astoni- shment category enhances the reader’s or listener’s interest and attention to the obtained infor- mation. Astonishment category is observed in speech situation mostly and is reflected in interaction between the sender of information (speaker or author) who chooses special means in order to arise astonishment and actualizes concealed meanings thus forming reader’s attention and arising the feeling of astonishment. The category of astonishment has both similar and different features in the English and Uzbek languages. The difference is defined and explained by national-cultural peculiarities of language speakers. We used general linguistic theoretical issues devoted to interaction of perception and language, forms and content. Kamalova (1998), Krasavskiy (2001) and Shakhovskiy (2008) investigated emotional basis of linguistics. The conception of lingual world picture and language cognition were investigated in the works of Apresyan (2006), Kolshanskiy (2005), Kubryakova (1991), Nikitina (1993), Teliya (1987). The aim of the article is defining pragmalingistic aspect of astonishment category and its types. The object of the article is astonishment category. The subject is verbal actualization of astonishment category from pragmalinguistic point of view. The following methods were used in the present work: method of observation, descriptive method, method of interpretation, pragmalinguistic analysis. Before analyzing the category of astonishment we should explain the meaning of this no- tion. The Macmillan English dictionary for advanced learners presents the following meaning: astonishment – uncountable noun. Astonishment is a feeling of great surprise. I spotted a shooting star which, to my astonishment, was bright green in colour. ‘What?’ Meg asked in astonishment. Synonyms: amazement, surprise, wonder, confusion.1 The Wikipedia rates the following definition: astonishment, amazement (noun) – the feeling that accompanies something extremely surprising2. “He looked at me in astonishment”. Webster’s Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language offers this expla- nation3. 1. Astonishment (Noun) amazement, great surprise. 2. Astonishment (Noun) An amazing thing or phenomenon. The Oxford Dictionary fixes the following interpretation of this category: 3. Astonishment (noun) the condition of one who is stunned. Hence: Numbness; loss of sensation; stupor; loss of sense 1. Astonishment (noun) dismay; consternation. 1 Macmillan English dictionary for advanced learners. New edition. Macmillan Education, 2011 (printed in