ABŪ BAKR AL-KĀSĀNĪ'S WORK " BADĀʾIʿ AL-ṢANĀʾIʿ FI TARTIB ASH-SHARA'I'" IN THE WORK OF THE UNIQUE METHODS OF SORTING FIQH RULES

Аннотация

The opinions expressed in the article are formulated in accordance with the requirements of the methodological principles and traditional methods of the Ḥanafī faith. Opinions on social welfare are observed on the basis of modern standards based on the book "Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘ fī tartīb sharā’i‘" al- written by the jurist of Samarkand, Abū Bakr al-Kāsānī, and based on the jurisprudence rules and legal arguments introduced in Central Asia in general, in particular in our Republic. Key words: Badā’i‘, Ṣanā’i, Kāsān, farḍ, wajib, sunnah, evidence, ijmāʿ, qiyās, asl, ʾUṣūl, furu', permissible, Islām, sharīʿah. Approaching the most important jurisprudential sources and works in the Ḥanafī madhhab from the point of view of periodicality and historicity, firstly, the sequence of jurisprudents, secondly, the tradition of teachers and students, thirdly, the scope of their work, fourthly, in which period, what kind of jurisprudential problems were revealed, and fifthly, in finding solutions to social problems in Muslim jurisprudence. which new methods have been created, sixthly, the views of the jurists and the development of usulul fiqh, furu'ul fiqh sciences, and seventhly, the religious, economic and social importance of the views of the jurists, and it creates opportunities to remember well. After the independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as a result of the work carried out in this regard, the boundaries of jurisprudence are beginning to be seen more clearly. However, there is still a lot of work to be done in this area. The task of organizing the sources of Ḥanafī fiqh and systematically conveying them to the minds of the young generation is a complex and demanding issue, and the process of organizing these works from a single center is a factor that can improve the efficiency of the work being carried out. It is observed that the above-mentioned procedure is not given much importance in the literature published today. It is clear that the volume of research and development activities being carried out in Uzbekistan is very significant. However, it is necessary to speed up the work of detailing the results of 45 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference completed master's and doctoral studies, bringing monographs and books related to them to the attention of scientists and the general public of readers. To what extent understanding the essence of Sharīʿah issues is based on simple and fluent, and most importantly, systematic presentation of knowledge about fiqh method and furu' concepts. At the end of the 20th century, after the shackles and nets of the former Soviet system were removed, Muslim peoples began to recover their religious heritage. In the history of the peoples of Central Asia, a great scientific and spiritual loss occurred during the period of more than a century that was lost in between. It is necessary to strictly adhere to the order of periodicity of the presented source literature in filling the gaps that have appeared as a scientific and spiritual loss of the people today. It is important to consistently sort out the great heritage left by the jurists and scholars of Mavoraunnahr on the basis of the norms of a collective approach. The first factor that led to the creation of Abū Bakr al-Kāsānī's work "Badā’i‘" is the work " Tuḥfat al-fuqahā’" edited by his main teacher ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Abū Muḥammad Samarkandi. "This book belongs to the pen of Imām ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Abū Muḥammad Samarkandi. He was born in 362 AH and died in 438 AH.”1 Sheikh Muḥammad Ṣādiq Muḥammad Yūsuf expressed his opinion on this topic and explained his views as follows: " Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘ fī tartīb sharā’i‘" (Sharīʿah). The owner of the book is ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn Abū Bakr ibn Masʿūd ibn Aḥmad Al-Kāsānī (died in 587 AH). That person's nickname was "Malikul Ulama". Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Abū Aḥmad studied mainly in Samarkand. He thoroughly studied all the books of his teacher, especially the book " Tuḥfat al- fuqahā’". The teacher, who loved his student, married his daughter Fāṭima. Fāṭima also memorized her father's "Gift" and surpassed many men in science. Later, she gave correct advice to her husband and corrected his scientific direction. The fatwa issued by her father would certainly have Fāṭima's signature. Then the groom's signature was added to them. Researchers call "Badā’i‘ al-ṣanā’i‘ fī tartīb sharā’i‘" a commentary on " Tuḥfat al-fuqahā’". " Tuḥfat al-fuqahā’" was a well-arranged book with an addition to “Mukhtasar Qudūrī.”2 1 Sheikh Muḥammad Ṣādiq Muḥammad Yūsuf. Fiqh lessons (Lesson 14). Furu'ul fiqh books. From the book "Fiqh directions and books". Article. 03.01.2019. https://islom.uz/dars-qism/9584 2 Sheikh Muḥammad Ṣādiq Muḥammad Yūsuf. Fiqh lessons (Lesson 14). Furu'ul fiqh books. From the book "Fiqh directions and books". Article.03.01.2019. https://islom.uz/dars-qism/9584 46 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scient