MAHKUMLARNING AXLOQAN TUZALGANLIGINI ANIQLASHDA MAVJUD QIYINCHILIKLAR

Аннотация

The process of determining the moral rehabilitation of prisoners encounters a variety of challenges, encompassing psychological, social, and methodological aspects. Firstly, the emotional state and personal experiences of prisoners complicate the assessment of their moral structure. Under stress, external environmental influences, and changes in personal emotions, prisoners may conceal their true feelings, making accurate diagnosis difficult. Additionally, previous experiences and social conditions can significantly alter their moral beliefs. Secondly, the reliability and effectiveness of diagnostic methods and psychological tests are crucial. Sometimes, these methods may not provide an adequate representation of prisoners' moral rehabilitation. Methodological shortcomings of existing tests may limit the ability to accurately assess moral conditions. Thirdly, social relationships among prisoners and the influence of various groups can substantially affect their moral perspectives, creating 98 CURRENT APPROACHES AND NEW RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCES International scientific-online conference additional complexities in the evaluation process. Collectively, these factors highlight the need for careful analysis and adjustment of existing assessment methods to ensure a more accurate understanding of prisoners' moral rehabilitation. Keywords: Prisoners, rehabilitation, ethical condition, psychological state, social integration, criminality, crime association, re-socialization, family influence, social factors, legislation, behavior control, human rights, causes of crime, rehabilitation programs, behavioral therapy, self-awareness, retraining, social support, personal growth Mahkumlarning axloqan tuzalganligini aniqlash, zamonaviy ijtimoiy va psixologik tadqiqotlar doirasida muhim va dolzarb masala sifatida qaraladi. Bu jarayon faqat mahkumlarning shaxsiy rivojlanishlariga emas, balki ularning jamiyatga qaytish jarayonida to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri ta'sir ko‘rsatadi. Axloqiy tuzalish, shuningdek, jinoyatchilikni kamaytirish, ijtimoiy barqarorlikni ta'minlash va umuman olganda, inson huquqlarini himoya qilishda muhim ahamiyatga ega. Shuningdek, ushbu masala ichki ishlar organlari, sud va jinoyatchilikni oldini olish organlari uchun ham katta ahamiyatga ega. Mahkumlarning axloqan tuzalganligi ularning jinoyatni sodir etishdan oldin egallagan axloqiy ko‘rsatkichlari bilan bog‘liq bo‘lishi mumkin, shuningdek, jazoni o‘tayotganda o‘zgarishi mumkin. Biroq, mahkumlarning axloqan tuzalganligini aniqlash jarayoni bir qator qiyinchiliklarga duch keladi. Birinchidan, mahkumlarning psixologik holati va hissiy muhitidagi o‘zgarishlar ularning axloqiy tuzilishini baholashda qiyinchiliklar tug‘dirishi mumkin. Ular, ko‘pincha, o‘z his- tuyg‘ularini yashirishga majbur bo‘lishadi, bu esa ularning haqiqiy axloqiy holatini aniqlashni murakkablashtiradi. Stress, tashqi muhit ta'siri, va shaxsiy hissiyotlarning o‘zgarishi mahkumlarning axloqiy qarashlarini shakllantiruvchi asosiy omillar hisoblanadi. Psixologlar va sotsiologlar bu jarayonda, mahkumlarning o‘zaro munosabatlari va ijtimoiy integratsiya darajasini ham hisobga olishlari kerak. Ikkinchidan, mahkumlarning axloqan tuzalish darajasini baholashda qo‘llaniladigan metodologik yondashuvlar ham muhim ahamiyatga ega. Odatda, psixologik testlar, diagnostik usullar va turli baholash metodikalaridan foydalaniladi. Biroq, bu metodlar ko‘pincha bir xil darajadagi ishonchlilikka ega emas va ayrim hollarda natijalar chalkashishi mumkin. Mahkumlar o‘zlarini muvofiq xulq-atvor ko‘rsatishga majbur qilganlari uchun, olingan natijalar mahkumning haqiqiy axloqiy holatini aks ettirmasligi mumkin. Bu holat, axloqiy 99 CURRENT APPROACHES AND NEW RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCES International scientific-online conference tuzatuvchi tadbirlar va reabilitatsiya dasturlarining samaradorligini aniqlashda qiyinchiliklarni tug‘diradi. Uchinchidan, ijtimoiy omillar ham axloqiy tuzalish jarayoniga ta'sir ko‘rsatadi. Mahkumlarning o‘zaro munosabatlari, ijtimoiy guruhlar ta'siri, va jazoni o‘tayotgan muhitlar ularning axloqiy qarashlarini shakllantirishda katta rol o‘ynaydi. Turli guruhlar va ularning ijtimoiy maqomi, mahkumlarning qabul qiladigan qarorlari va xulq-atvorlariga to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri ta'sir ko‘rsatadi. Shuningdek, mahkumlarning tarbiyasi va o‘rganish jarayonlari ham ularning axloqiy tuzilishini shakllantiradi. O‘zgartirishlar, yangi ijtimoiy sharoitlar va yaxshilangan o‘zaro munosabatlar orqali mahkumlar o‘z axloqiy tushunchalarini o‘zgartirishga qodir. Bunday qiyinchiliklarni yengib o‘tish uchun ichki ishlar organlari va jinoiy adliya tizimlari tomonidan takomillashtirilgan metodologiyalar, rehabilitatsiya dasturlari va o‘qitish kurslari ishlab chiqilishi zarur. Mahkumlar uchun yaratiladigan sharoitlar va yangi imkoniyatlar, ularning axloqan tuzalganligini aniqlashda muhim rol o‘ynaydi. Shu bilan birga, o‘tkaziladigan tadqiqotlar va psixologik baholashlar ko‘proq aniqlik kiritish uchun muhimdir. Natijada, mahku