DETERMINING THE OPTIMAL PLANTING DATES FOR CUCUMBER HYBRIDS IN AN UNHEATED GREENHOUSE

Аннотация

This article provides information on the results obtained in the study of acceptable cucumber hybrids planting periods in an unheated greenhouse. The optimal planting period for 30-day seedlings of cucumber hybrids in a greenhouse with an unheated plinth was March 10. In this, it was found in studies that the yield was 161,2 tons per hectare during the planting period of March 10 and was 115,5% or 21,7 tons more than the control. Orzu Sardor Keywords: cucumber, unheated greenhouse, sowing period, hybrid, soil, yield. Introduction. Cucumbers are one of the leading vegetable crops grown on open and protected land. Currently, cucumbers are grown in almost all countries of the world on a total area of about 300 thousand hectares, and its industrial production is carried out in 70 countries, among which China, Iran, Turkey and Russia lead [1; 8]. The use of protected land ensures uniform delivery of vegetable products throughout the year, including in the off-season [3; 8]. An important element of crop cultivation is the nature of plant placement, its feeding area and parameters of optimal density. Which significantly influence temperature, air, water and nutrient regimes [4; 5; 7]. The efficiency of mineral nutrition is enhanced at optimal moisture availability of plants. Optimal plant density reduces moisture consumption for transpiration, allows more rational use of a unit of sown area to create the productive part of the yield [7; 9]. The amount of feeding area required by cucumber plants depends on the varietal characteristics. Increasing the feeding area by widening the row spacing causes stem elongation, increases the number of leaves, and increasing the distance between plants in the row promotes additional shoot formation [2; 6; 7]. Overcrowding limits not only the number of side shoots, but also the number of female flowers. Plant density significantly affects the yield of cucumber seeds. Both densification and sparseness have a negative effect on seed yield. 104 MODELS AND METHODS IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference Increasing the feeding area noticeably increases germination, germination energy and 1000 seed weight [4; 5; 7]. Planting periods are important in Uzbek vegetable production. It is associated with the fact that the plant is in demand for heat and soil moisture, and the duration of the growing season is also of great importance. If the period of planting in the southern regions for one crop is one, then in the northern regions it begins much later. In the central climatic zones, there are deadlines for its self-sowing. Planting periods are also associated with soil temperatures of 2,5–3,0 depths. When the temperature is 14-15°C, it is necessary to calculate the appearance of sprouts as the last cold days in early spring pass. When seeds of crops that belong to the genus of pumpkins are planted in the soil when there is enough temperature in the soil, they will rot or turn out to be very sparse without leaving. Research results. To determine the optimal planting dates for seedlings of cucumber hybrids in unheated film greenhouses, the Sardor F and Orzu F 1 1 hybrids were studied in 4 planting Terms: March 1, March 10, March 20 (standard), and April 1. The appearance of sprouts in the Sardor F1 hybrid (10 %) was 3-5 days between options. The emergence of sprouts accelerated as the sowing periods of these seeds were delayed, and their average was 4,0 days. In the Orzu F hybrid, 1 too, the law obtained in the Sardor F hybrid was repeated. 1 For the maintenance of 10% of the fruit of the Sardor F hybrid, it took 56 1 days in the sowing period of March 1, while on March 10 it took 53 days, on March 20 it took 51 days and on April 1 it took 48 days. In this case, the difference between the previous and last sowing dates was 8 days. Their average fell to 52 days. For the maintenance of 10% fruits in the Orzu F hybrid, 1 March 1 amounted to 55 days in the sowing period, on March 10 it was 54 days, on March 20 it was 52 days, and on April 1 it was 50 days in the sowing period. The differences between the sowing periods were equal to 2-5 Days. Their average was 52,8 days. Cucumber hybrids differ slightly from each other according to the structure of the vegetative harvest organs of the plant, in particular by the length of the stem: the stem is short-up to 80 cm; on average – 80-150 cm; long - 150- 225 cm and very long-even longer than 225 cm. From the studies, it turned out that the tested hybrids Sardor F and Orzu 1 105 MODELS AND METHODS IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference F , regardless of the period of different planting of the stem of the plant in 1 height, in 40-day plants they belonged to a tall group, that is, between 172,3- 195,3 cm. In the Sardor F hybrid, during the planting period of March 1, the 1 plant height was 172,3 cm, or it was 93,5% compared to the control. Control in the planting period of March 20, the stem of the plant was 184,2