MODERN EDUCATION AND ITS ESSENCE

Аннотация

The article discusses modern education as well as its essence Key words Innovations in education, new directions of education development, tendencies of modern education development, mission of education The category of education throughout the history of the development of pedagogical science has been considered from various positions: education as a process, as a result, as a system and as a value. Today, education should be studied from a slightly different angle: education as a component of human culture, as accumulated human capital, as a social good. The first three positions are quite fully disclosed in the pedagogical literature. Let's focus only on some clarifying points. The first position assumes the development of a person in an educational institution or through self- education of a system of knowledge, skills and abilities, experience of cognitive and practical activities, value orientations and relationships of teachers and students, educators and pupils, their influences and interactions with each other. The second is the characteristic of the level of achievements of students in the development of knowledge, skills, skills, work experience and relationships. This is the essence of education as a result. The positions considered indicate that knowledge is in the center of attention as the appropriate results of the spiritual wealth of humanity accumulated by it in historical experience. This approach involves the accumulation of knowledge, the formation of skills and abilities (knowledge to bring it into society. From this point of view, they can be attributed to the human life-support system. At the same time, they absorb the person himself, obscuring his personality. The process of education turns into academism, and knowledge at the same time becomes an absolute value. In modern conditions, the most relevant is the appeal not to knowledge, skills and abilities, but to competence and competencies. Competence is an integrative personality quality formed on the basis of a set of subject knowledge, skills, and experience reflected in theoretical and applied preparedness for their implementation in activities at the level of functional literacy. 139 МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ АКАДЕМИЧЕСКИХ НАУК Competence is considered as a synthesis of cognitive, subject-practical and personal experience and as a person's ability to realize competence in a specific practical activity (competence in action). The approach to education as a system presupposes a set of successive educational programs and state educational standards, a network of educational institutions implementing them, and educational management bodies. This is how the concept of "education" is spelled out in the law "On Education". This position can be called managerial. It only regulates what is included in education as a system. The most difficult is to consider education from the perspective of a value- based approach. Under the influence of the transformation taking place in the country, the functions of education and upbringing are changing, which are becoming much broader and more important than just education, preparing a person for any kind of work. There is an affirmation of a personality-oriented approach, in which education acts as the property of a certain person, as an appropriate value for a particular person. A significant shift in public consciousness is the reorientation of education to new basic values: from ensuring the needs of production and the economy for a certain quality of labor to ensuring the needs of the person himself in obtaining educational services of appropriate quality. An interesting approach to education as a component of human culture. Culture and education are closely related to each other. It is hardly possible to imagine human life without passing on cultural samples and ways of human interaction with the outside world to subsequent generations. Education is, on the one hand, a means of broadcasting culture, and on the other hand, it itself contributes to the formation of a new culture. There is still an opinion that education and culture are on different sides of the "barricades". An example of this is the fact that the dissertation councils on pedagogical sciences have great difficulty in carrying out works whose topics contain the word "culture". It seems that this approach is insufficiently justified. Education is a priority, and the content of education is one of the factors of economic and social progress of society and should be focused on ensuring self-determination of the individual, creating conditions for his self-realization both personally and professionally. Education is aimed at ensuring that the level of general and professional culture of each individual, the mental development of the individual, his professional qualifications and professional competence are adequate to the world community. 140 МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ АКАДЕМИЧЕСКИХ НАУК The new interpretation of the category of educa