CRIMINAL LIABILITY FOR VARIOUS FORMS OF ILLEGAL INFLUENCE ON THE RESULTS OF OFFICIAL SPORTS COMPETITIONS IN SOME FOREIGN COUNTRIES

Аннотация

The article examines the issues of liability defined in the criminal law for illegal influence on the results of official sports competitions in some foreign countries. The author comes to the conclusion that the legislation of many countries has significantly advanced in defining liability for illegal influence on the results of official sports competitions in various forms, and notes that in our country the main emphasis should be placed not only on defining criminal liability, but also on further improving the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On Physical Culture and Sports". In this regard, some conclusions and proposals are presented regarding the introduction of liability for illegal influence in various forms on the results of official sports competitions into national legislation. Keywords: official sport, competition, referee, undue influence, corruption. The laws of 45 countries worldwide, including Germany, France, Switzerland, Greece, New Zealand, Brazil, Poland, Latvia, Lithuania, Georgia, Ukraine, Russia and Kyrgyzstan, criminalize various forms of illegal influence on the results of official sports competitions[1]. Also, in these countries, effective methods of combating corruption in sports have been introduced. In particular, in accordance with Article 265d of the German Criminal Code, a person who, as an athlete or coach, receives material assets for himself or a third party in exchange for influencing the course or result of a professional sports competition for the benefit of another party, has a property interest or demands it, shall be imprisoned for a period of not more than three years. will result in deprivation or the imposition of a fine[2]. This article stipulates that a sports referee commits the above act, and the same punishment is imposed for bribing an athlete, a sports coach, and a sports referee. In Denmark, you can report match-fixing or other violations of sports ethics online (i.e. via antidoping.dk[3]), a digital application or by phone. Messages can be submitted anonymously online and through the digital app. 117 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference Article 111 of the Estonian Law "On Sports" stipulates the establishment of a national contact point to combat manipulation of sports competitions[4]. The National Contact Point collects information on combating manipulation in sports competitions; coordinates activities to combat manipulation in sports competitions; provides information on possible violations to state bodies, sports organizations; cooperates with national and international organizations in this field. The tasks of the national contact point are performed by the Ministry of Culture. Russian legislation also provides for issues of combating corruption in sports. In particular, according to Article 26.2 of the Law "On Physical Culture and Sports in the Russian Federation", the following acts are illegal influence on the results of official sports competitions: - bribery and coercion of sports competition participants; - receiving money or other material valuables or receiving other property interests from the participants of the sports competition; - use or distribution of internal (insider) information in the field of sports obtained as a result of work or other activities; - failure to take measures to prevent conflicts of interest in the field of sports. This article also defines the concept of conflict of interest and internal (insider) information, measures to combat influence on sports competitions, obligations of sports federations (associations) to implement measures aimed at preventing corruption. Also, the Law provides the Ministry of Sports of the Russian Federation with the following powers to combat corruption in the field of sports: - suspension or termination of their state accreditation when sports federations (associations) do not fulfill the obligations stipulated by law; - making a decision to remove a sports federation (association) from the register of all-Russian sports federations. In accordance with Article 184 of the Criminal Code of Russia, in order to unlawfully influence the result of an official sports competition, giving material valuables to its participant, coach, referee or organizer, making them a property interest, forcing them or agreeing with them in advance, as well as receiving material property or property interest by these persons will result in a fine from 300,000 to 700,000 rubles, imprisonment for up to 4 years or imprisonment for up to 5 years. 118 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference Acceptance of a bribe or pre-arrangement by a referee or organizer of an official sports competition with the purpose of unlawfully influencing the result of the competition is defined as an aggravating circumstance[5]. Measures to combat corruption in sports in Ukraine are defined in the Law "On the Elimination of the Influence of Corrupt Offenses o