HOSPITALITY IS AN INEVITABLE PART OF POLITENESS

Аннотация

This article is devoted to the study of the concept of Politeness (Speech Etiquette) and Hospitality in English and Uzbek languages from lingua-pragmatic aspect and the use of daily expressions related to it in communication. The author refers to the content of the concepts “Politeness” (Speech Etiquette)and "Hospitality "and the links between them , consider ways of their representation. The ways of reaching successful communication by following the principles of Politeness and Hospitality and its place in our national cultural life will be discussed in this article. Abstrakt.Ushbu maqola ingliz va o‘zbek tillarida nutqiy etiket va mehmonnavozlik tushunchalarini lingva-pragmatik nuqtai nazardan o‘rganish va unga aloqador kundalik iboralarning muloqotda qo‘llanilishiga bag‘ishlangan. Muallif “Nutqiy etiket” va “Mehmonnavozlik” tushunchalarining mazmuni va ular o‘rtasidagi bog‘liqlikka e’tibor qaratadi, ularni ifodalash usullarini ko‘rib chiqadi. Ushbu maqolada xushmuomalalik va mehmonnavozlik prinsplariga amal qilish orqali muvaffaqiyatli muloqotga erishish yo'llari va uning milliy madaniy hayotimizdagi o'rni haqida so'z boradi. Key words: politeness, speech etiquette, hospitality, guest, host, attitudes, respect, honor, communication. Kalit so‘zlar: nutqiy etiket, mehmonnavozlik, mehmon, mezbon, munosabatlar, hurmat, izzat, muloqot. Communication is one of the most significant aspects of human life in today’s globalized world and how these interactions are handled can make the difference between extreme success and abject failure. The eminent philosopher I. Gerder mentioned "four major phenomena in human activity: language, culture, society, and national spirit are inextricably linked." Language's origins are linked to culture, and it changes alongside society. As the researcher Hulkar Turdiyeva studied the term Politeness (Speech etiquette) comparatively and referred that “Studying the principles of speech etiquette specific to each nation from various points of view can provide knowledge about the etiquette principles, views, traditions and values that are specific to the culture, lifestyle, language and morals of that people in their daily activities and speech reflects a person's culture, etiquette, knowledge, and behavior. In linguistics, this perspective is conveyed by the idea of "Speech Etiquette" ("Politeness").”1 1 Hulkar Turdiyeva Komilovna, Lingua-pragmatic analysis of Persian and Uzbek politeness in cross-cultural communication Monograph Tashkent – 2024 ISBN 978-9910-06-045-8 129 YOSH OLIMLAR ILMIY-AMALIY KONFERENSIYASI in-academy.uz/index.php/yo Politeness is one of the important features of a human kind that being appreciated from an ancient time. Still, it is considered an essential tool in society for having an appropriate communication with others. Even though we are living in this modern era under one umbrella, still there are some different phenomena of politeness in every culture. 2 Therefore, the term politeness is very broad and thus originally derived from the Latin word “politus”, meaning polished. From the linguistic point of view, politeness is not only being modest or nice to other people, or keeping social behavior, but also it is one of the important notions in pragmatics. According to Austin3 when communicating with the addressee, the addresser may produce three kinds of speech acts, that are the locutionary, illocutionary and perlocutionary acts, which are the hearer’s reaction toward the speech of addresser and important in analyzing the notion of politeness. It means, when the speaker shows politeness, the receiver may react positively, remaining positive self-image in diverse situations. The notion of politeness has been studied by many scholars, to be centered on the notion of face, which is “public self-image that every member wants to claim for him/herself”4. This is true, as politeness assists to shape interpersonal relationship and communication that members of societies use in order to eliminate communication failure. In this sense, showing politeness or being polite means demonstrating self-image to others that benefit each part both emotionally and socially. The reason for this is that in order to be socially acceptable, one should be aware how to be polite and how to save other’s face while interaction. So, while interacting with others, it is essential to save face and to show politeness, taking into account age, gender, and most importantly culture of others. Nevertheless, knowing exactly all the specific features of the notion of politeness of each culture is difficult, unless studying or seeing it in real life. Admittedly, culture is a social norm, and it can be connected with a great deal of things like language, food and drinks, clothes, festivals and holidays, table manners, music, religion, family relationships, politeness and taboos and others. Every culture, in this sense, has its own norms and rituals that make the culture unique among others. Accordin