DEVELOPMENT OF CHORAL CONDUCTING

Аннотация

In this article, the theory and history of choral performance, collective performance and Choir classes are mentioned. Key words: choir, performance, theory, group performance, choir, classes РАЗВИТИЕ ХОРОВОГО ДИРИЖИРОВАНИЯ Аннотация. В статье упоминается теория и история хорового исполнительства, коллективного исполнительства и хоровых занятий. Ключевые слова: хор, исполнение, теория, групповое исполнение, хор, занятия. Among the many factors of upbringing, music has a special place in leading the young generation to maturity. Music, with its unique nature, has the power to greatly influence the spiritual world of young people. It is not a secret for any of us today that under the influence of melody and melody, the world of emotions grows in a person, the formation of perception and thinking, the budding of the desire for goodness, the desire to love beauty, protect mother nature, and serve for the prosperity of the Motherland. Our wise people have long considered music and song to be an important part of their social and cultural life. In the family, it is a dream of parents to teach their child to sing and play music, and with this intention, it is customary to keep some kind of musical instrument in the house. It is well known that melody and melody can quickly find a way to a child's heart, have a positive effect on his soul, and have a great influence on the formation of good manners and good qualities. Choir performance is one of the original folk art types that is widespread today. Team performance not only arouses deep aesthetic pleasure in people, but also unites them, brings them together as a team, and helps to develop their spiritual level and artistic taste. It has the ability to arouse the best feelings of a person, to excite and interest. For this reason, the role of listeners as well as choir participants is very important in artistic and ideological education. In the course of the choral class, the student develops vocal culture skills and professional knowledge. The subject of choir and choral studies brings the student closer to choral art. By the choir teacher and conductor, singing of choral works well, at the same time, the choir is taught through the tools of the score (timbre of parts, unisons, choral recitatives, vocal polyphonic dynamics, etc.). The main goal of practical training is to organize the process of working with a real "musical instrument" for the student. For example, a conductor is distinguished by his knowledge of organization, directing, psychological and other musical knowledge. Choir art is distinguished by its popularity and democratic features among the genres of music art. Nowadays, it has become a widespread original folk art. This type of art plays an important role in the musical education of people and the formation of their aesthetic views. 7 81 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2024 VOLUME 3 / ISSUE 10 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ People's closely related spiritual consciousness, taste, one single idea, one single performance, performing the feeling in words and music as a team, makes them even more cohesive. This art is always related to the art of folk singing and is of great importance in the formation and development of the musical culture of different nations. Choral art has a long history in expressing its ancient musical culture. For centuries, church tunes have been the main performance in professional choral art. The lower and higher pitches (organum, treble) continued to develop until the ancient church tunes appeared, similar to the ancient Greek tunes. During the renaissance, a great change in choral art appeared - polyphonic choral performance. The emergence of a cappella singing became the basis for the further development of choral art. Polyphonist-composers such as J. Palestrina, O. Lasso, K. Janeken, who lived in the 15th and 16th centuries and created multi-voice works in their work, contributed6. Due to the need of the times, the convergence of cultures began to influence each other over the centuries. In particular, the culture of Uzbekistan was directly influenced by the cultural changes of western countries, especially Russia. This cannot be denied, so we need to have some understanding about these cultures. Choral performance in Western countries After a certain period, another change appeared in choral art, as the authors of major works - cantatas, oratorios - I.S. Chamber choir music flourished in the work of such romantic composers as Meyerbeer, J. Verdi, F. Schubert, B. Mendelssohn, R. Schumann. During this period, the choral groups of those who loved singing were "lidertafel'" (a German word meaning "leading singer". Widely developed in Germany, Austria and Switzerland) and "orfeon" (French for "choir lovers" team" appeared in Paris in 1818 under the leadership of G. Wilhelm. The gradual departure of choral art from the art of church music, the formation of opera theaters, the close