STAGES OF HISTORICAL PROGRESS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CRITICAL AND LOGICAL THINKING

Аннотация

INTRODUCTION the moral issues that Socrates conducted with his Thinking is the ability to analyze the processes fellow opponents. Socrates proved that the occurring around it. It is present in all humans, the authorities and high-ranking holders of the Ush reason is that each individual acquires the period behave irrationally and bewilderingly. knowledge and skills, life experiences that he has. This means that thinking will not be an innate The philosopher believes that as long as a person ability, but rather over the years it develops and of wants to reach the value of life and live a good life, course it is no secret to anyone that thinking has its he must have a “questioning spirit”, that is, be a own history of origin and different interpretations critical questioner. He suggests that humans over the years. should ask themselves questions that make it think deeply, rather than simply accepting ideas directly. The roots of critical thinking go back to long But asking questions also has its own rules of law, periods, when it was first introduced into science that is, the questions should not repeat each other by Greek philosophers. Therefore, the term has in logical consistency, but continue. Socrates been used since the founding of the Greek empire. 'questioning process is known as” Socratic According to many historians, critical thinking first interrogation" and has been hailed as the best and began to be used in Socrates ' practical teaching most famous strategy teaching critical thinking. 2,500 years ago. The earliest manuscripts associated with the theory were written by Plato. In this strategy of his own, Socrates asked questions to expose illogical thinkers. In order to Plato transcribed in these manuscripts the arrive at the final conclusion in his opinion, He dialogues that Socrates presented during his developed a method of looking at approximate teaching. Of course, these dialogues were considerations with doubt. It also believes that considered the first dialogues that Plato copied, humans should be able to distinguish logical beliefs and it was the discussions in a critical spirit about https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajssei 89 THE USA JOURNALS THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND EDUCATION INNOVATIONS (ISSN- 2689-100X) VOLUME 06 ISSUE10 from beliefs that do not have a logical basis. REFERENCE Socrates ' teaching was continued by Plato, who 1. Aripova, Ulbosin. "ЭТАПЫ ИСТОРИЧЕСКОГО was his pupil. РАЗВИТИЯ КРИТИЧЕСКОГО И Their successors, Aristotle and other Greek ЛОГИЧЕСКОГО МЫШЛЕНИЯ." FAN, JAMIYAT philosophers, further perfected Socrates ' teaching. VA INNOVATSIYALAR 4.14 (2024): 12-13. They were able to determine not only the external 2. Aripova, Ulbosin, and Dilshoda Sattorova. "EFL appearance of the phenomenon, but also its (INGLIZ TILINI CHET TILI SIFATIDA OʻQITISH) internal essence, through questions and answers OʻQITUVCHILARI TOMONIDAN of logical consistency, which they formulated FOYDALANILADIGAN ENG YAXSHI OʻQITISH themselves. TEXNIKASI VA METODLARI." Konferensiyalar| Richard Paul described critical thinking as a two- Conferences. Vol. 1. No. 12. 2024. wave movement (1994). In his view, the “first 3. ARIPOVA, Ulbosin. "TANQIDIY FIKRLASHNING wave “is often referred to as “critical analysis”, and HAM JAMIYADAGI HAM TA’LIM SOHASIDAGI is called pure, rational thinking that involves DOLZARBLIGI." News of UzMU journal 1.1.3 criticism. Barry K.Beyer concludes that critical (2024): 69-72. thinking consists of making clear ,reasonable 4. qizi Aripova, Ulbosin Muxametkarim. judgments. Critical thinking as defined by the U.S. "DEVELOPING CRITICAL THINKING FOR National Council is defined as the intellectual WRITING ESSAYS." Results of National process of skillfully transforming, practicing, Scientific Research International Journal 2.10 analyzing, synthesizing, or evaluating information (2023): 101-105. gathered through observation, experience, reasoning, dialogue into concepts. 5. Maksetova, Zuhra To’Rebayevna, S. B. Qambaraliyev, and A. Sh Yunusov. The role of poets and writers in the development "TILSHUNOSLIKDA FRAZEOLOGIK of critical thinking is incomparable, including Abay BIRLIKLARNING O’RGANILISHI VA ULARNING Qunanbayuli in Kazakh philosophy, who brought TASNIFI." Oriental renaissance: Innovative, critical fixation to a high level. We can see an educational, natural and social sciences 2.5 excellent example of critical thinking in some (2022): 182-186. poems and speeches in his work, which glorified disobedience to authority, demanded reasonable 6. Bobojonova, Z. R., X. Maxmatkulov, and Z. accuracy in knowledge and faith. We can take his Maxsetova. "INTERFERENCE ON THE bird wise sentence as an example. SYNACTICAL LEVELS IN THE ENGLISH-UZBEK LANGUAGES." Экономика и социум 11 (78) If you come across a situation. (2020): 82-86. The old man said, 7. Maksetova, Zuhra To’rebayevna, Usmonali Rich said: Whoever he was, Ummatali O’G’Li Raxmatov, and Firdavs he said - If you w