ETHNOPSYCHOLOGY AND ITS SUBJECT AND METHODS

Аннотация

This article talks about ethnopsychology and its subject, methods, ethnopsychological research. Key words: ethnopsychology, ethnology, psychology, ethnos, methods issue. ЭТНОПСИХОЛОГИЯ И ЕЕ ПРЕДМЕТ И МЕТОДЫ Аннотация. В статье говорится об этнопсихологии и ее предмете, методах, этнопсихологических исследованиях. Ключевые слова: этнопсихология, этнология, психология, этнос, проблема методов. Ethnopsychology is such a branch of psychology that, in addition to the psychology of certain nationalities, it also studies the psychology of different peoples and small national groups. The term "ethnopsychology" is a combination of the concepts of "ethnology" and "psychology", and the Greek word "ethnos" means people, tribe, and "psychology" means the science of the soul. This science studies the unique mental image, behavior, "mentality" of the representatives of a certain nation and ethnic group. The emergence, manifestation, and transformation of national character, customs and traditions, national feelings and taste (taab), ethnic consciousness and national self-awareness characteristic of each nation. and issues such as development are also the subject of study of ethnopsychology. In turn, it is worth noting that ethnopsychology, in turn, is an applied direction of social psychology. One of the branches of science close to ethnopsychology is ethnography, which compares and compares the characteristics of certain cultures. In this sense, ethnopsychology is a branch of science that studies complex relationships in groups of people belonging to different ethnic groups and specializes in their regulation. Social psychology, which studies the influence of such and other public psychological processes on the social behavior of an individual, and ethnopsychology, which is its special branch, have great practical importance in knowing social-psychological laws and managing them. The emergence, manifestation, change of national character, customs and traditions, national feelings 4 31 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2024 VOLUME 3 / ISSUE 10 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ and taste (taab), ethnic consciousness and national self-awareness characteristic of each nation. and issues such as development are also an object of study of ethnopsychology. It raises the issue of representative, reliable methods in ethnopsychological research. Each researcher who aims to deal with the problem of ethnopsychology is forced to either change one of the existing methods or, if not, to discover a new method on his own. Finally, the inconvenience of using ethnopsychological methods is that, for example, the methodology that gave very good results in America and allowed to collect reliable data may not measure or determine anything at all in the conditions of Asian countries or our republic. For example, Raven's matrix test and Cattell's intelligence test, which are considered to be unaffected by environmental influences, still require environmental conditions to be taken into account, albeit partially. In addition, their interpretation and data analysis require special care and intelligence. That's why scientists from all over the world now share a common opinion about the groundlessness of the idea of creating a universal test or methodology that is above any cultural environment. Any researcher who aims to conduct ethnopsychological research should take into account the diversity of the cultural environment and their mutual influence as the main principles. This must be taken into account when creating an ethnopsychological research program. For example, if you want to conduct research in the conditions of Uzbekistan, you should pay attention to the following things: 1) common psychological factors characteristic of different nationalities living in the conditions of this region and methods of their identification; 2) to identify psychological qualities and factors unique to the Uzbek nation; 3) selection of methods that allow to measure or experimentally check identified factors or psychological qualities and adapt them to concrete conditions; 4) providing the research team with employees who know the language and customs of the national group under investigation. Because it is necessary to conduct research in the language of the group that is considered the object of research, so that every request, question and task put to the examinees is understandable for them. It should be noted that there are no special methods aimed at checking the psychology of this or that national group, its ethnic stereotypes, therefore, the researches are selected and sorted from among the available methods. At the next stage, the selected methods will be adapted to the local conditions of the inspection, and if necessary, it will be necessary to translate them from one language to another. 4 32 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2024 VOLUME 3 / ISSUE 10 / UIF:8.2 / MODER