SEMANTIC FACTOR IN MODELING VERB TENSES IN UZBEK LANGUAGE

Аннотация

INTRODUCTION understanding changes in the world. Time In the world, scientific directions related to the determines the time of occurrence of certain application of information technology to linguistics events and situations, and thus they are arranged began to develop from the 40s of the 20th century. in sequence in memory, as well as how long they As a result of this, such scientific directions as lasted. The need to ensure the automatic computer linguistics, corpus linguistics, and implementation of analyzes of the relationship of machine translation were created. The need to information to time increases the practical develop a formal grammar for the analysis systems importance of the issue of annotating grammatical of these directions has arisen. By the 50s of the forms of tense. 20th century, automatic morphological analysis systems were developed and began to be used in In world linguistics, at the end of the 20th century, the fields of natural language processing and the creation of language corpora and their machine translation. Determining the relation of linguistic annotation became one of the urgent speech to time is important in the process of issues. This put the creation of programmatic and morphological analysis. It is known that space and linguistic support for tagging words and time are the fundamental form of existence, and grammatical forms for each language on the any information, action, situation has signs of time agenda. As a result, language corpora containing and space. Understanding the relationship of millions of words were created by the beginning of information to time is an important condition for the 21st century. Most of them have the ability to https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajssei 181 THE USA JOURNALS THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND EDUCATION INNOVATIONS (ISSN- 2689-100X) VOLUME 06 ISSUE09 analyze what time the information in the corpus relative – twelve tenses in all – for the Altai refers to according to grammatical forms languages [Кормушин И., 1984. C. 6–7]. In our representing time and time expressions. Today, opinion, although this approach of I.Kormushin is one of the most important tasks for the world based on systematicity, it was not widely popular corpus linguistics is to determine such issues as because it could not be fully applied to all Altaic the transfer of verb tenses, whether it refers to languages. Because some of the relative tenses are another tense according to the context, in created artificially, they do not have their automatic analysis. expression in all languages. The main part In world linguistics, this issue is solved by dividing verbs into aspectual groups. In Uzbek linguistics, In many researches in world linguistics, it has research on verb tenses has not paid special become a tradition to study time as a unity of attention to this issue. Only the issue of the verbs grammatical, lexical, syntactic tools that serve to yotmoq, yurmoq, turmoq, o‘tirmoq with the form - realize real time in language – as a whole temporal ib expresses the present tense in a unique way. category. According to the lexical meaning, we have divided H.Reichenbach explained for the first time that the verbs that have specific features in taking tense there are three points on the time line, and forms into the following semantic groups: different time meanings are expressed according 1. Verbs expressing the final result of a momentary to the sequence of these points [Reichenbach H., action-state: topmoq, yo‘qotmoq, payqamoq, 1947. P. 287–298]. He knows that the problems in qoqilmoq, chertmoq, uyg‘onmoq, tanimoq, explaining the meaning of the tenses close to each chaqmoq, sinmoq. other (for example, Simple past and Present perfect) in grammar books were the result of not 2. State verbs expressing continuity: yurmoq, distinguishing between three points of time. The turmoq, yotmoq, o‘tirmoq scientist emphasizes the following as three points: 3. Verbs expressing state: sevmoq, bilmoq, xursand 1. Point of speech – S. bo‘lmoq, ishonmoq, nafratlanmoq. 2. Point of event – E. 4. Verbs expressing physical action: bormoq, ketmoq, yurmoq, chopmoq, qaytmoq. 3. Point of reference – R. Verbs expressing momentary actions do not have I.Kormushin, who specially studied the verb tenses the meaning of duration. They represent short in Altai languages, distinguishes absolute and momentary actions indicating a certain point on relative tenses in the system. According to the the axis of time and are not used with continuous scientist, the past, present, and future tenses are tense forms. However, polysemantic verbs can absolute tenses, and relative tenses arise from take these forms in one meaning without taking their relationship with each other. In particular, the continuous tense form in another meaning. For three relative tenses are formed from the absolute example, the verb topmoq with the meanings of “1 past tense: the past tense relative to the past tense, To