Конституция Узбекистана как фундамент прав и свобод граждан

Аннотация

Ключевые слова: Статья подробно рассматривает роль Конституции конституция Узбекистана, Узбекистана как правовой основы общества. Авторы правовая основа, излагают историческое значение Конституции, начиная с демократическое времён Амира Темура и переходя к современным развитие, права и свободы, изменениям. Основное внимание уделяется последним социальная реформам и изменениям, вступившим в силу с 1 мая 2023 справедливость года, которые подчеркивают демократический характер государства, обязанности государства обеспечивать условия для достойной жизни граждан, а также укрепление прав и свобод человека. Constitution plays a crucial role in the life of a country. First of all, it is necessary to understand the concept of the Constitution and its meaning. In any country, this basic law has supreme legal force and is a normative legal document. The constitution forms the legal foundation for the existence of the state, ensuring the achievement of all its goals and achievements. The term "constitution" comes from the Latin word "constitutio", which means "structure". In the context of the state, it means a set of laws and principles that define the structure of the state, the powers and functioning of the authorities, the procedures for forming the government, the electoral system, the rights and freedoms of citizens, the mutual relations between society and the state, and the judicial system. The term "constitution" has ancient roots. For example, in ancient Rome there were the "Rings of Temur" of Amir Temur. Civilisations of the East and Asia also had their own specific constitutional documents, often based on Sharia law, which strongly influenced the destinies of the peoples of Central Asia. The creation of Uzbekistan's constitution is the result of a long journey to independence. This process was based on thousands of years of national statehood, including the ancient traditions of Khorezm and Sogdiana, the Karakhanids, the Khorezmshahs, Amir Temur and the Timurids, as well as the Uzbek khans. The Constitution reflects the historical traditions and the aspiration of our people to independence, which has remained an important goal throughout the centuries. In drafting the Constitution, Uzbekistan took into account the experience of developed countries in Europe, Asia and the United States of America. The first process of drafting, discussing and adopting the constitution of sovereign Uzbekistan was complex, and every citizen should understand the importance and complexity of these processes. It is particularly important to note that the constitution-making process was an organic part of the struggle for independence. One of the first steps was to give Uzbek the status of the State language. This happened on 21 October 1989, after heated debates and arguments. This event was an unforgettable moment in the political and spiritual life of the country and symbolises one of the brightest pages in the history of Uzbekistan's independence, reflecting national values and achievements. 108 Жамият ва инновациялар – Общество и инновации – Society and innovations Issue – 5 № 3 (2024) / ISSN 2181-1415 Thus, the Constitution, as the supreme legal document, plays a key role in the life of the country. It provides a solid legal foundation for the independence and achievements of the State, guides its governance, guarantees the rights and freedoms of citizens and regulates the relationship between the State and society. The history and development of Uzbekistan's constitution testify to the people's long struggle for independence and their commitment to preserving national values and traditions. "It has been very correctly said that a person who does not know his native language, does not know his history, origin, genealogy, has no future, and one who does not know his language does not know his culture. Every nation, big or small, respects its native language." The first president's works "Uzbekistan on the Threshold of Independence" and "High Spirituality - Indomitable Power" separately highlight the complex situations and irreconcilable disputes on the issue of granting Uzbek language the status of the state language on the eve of independence. In such fragile and difficult circumstances, as Islam Karimov rightly remarked: "Working, thinking and reasoning with all our might, we have managed to find the only correct path that satisfies the demands of all political and social groups and, most importantly, meets the interests of our people and our Motherland." Thus, the important legal provisions first enshrined in the Law "On the State Language" have now been incorporated into our basic law: "The state language of the Republic of Uzbekistan is Uzbek." One of the most important steps towards the creation of the Constitution was the proclamation of the "Declaration of Independence". Paragraph 8 of the "Declaration of Independence", proclaimed by the Supreme Soviet of Uzbekistan on 20 June 1990, states that "the Uzbek SSR determi