Зеленые богатства Узбекистана и их полезные лечебные свойства

Аннотация

Ключевые слова: Использование природных ресурсов на территории природа, Узбекистана подразумевает соблюдение определённых флора, условий. Благодаря благоприятному климату данного лекарственные растения, региона, его флора и фауна отличаются богатством и лечебные свойства, народная медицина, разнообразием, среди которых особенно выделяются классификация, лекарственные растения. Перед началом их сбора важно польза лекарственных придерживаться определённых правил: например, растений, избегать мест неподалёку от дорог, городских территорий корни растений, и промышленных объектов. Важно знать оптимальное эффекты, природные ресурсы. время для сбора растений и какие именно их части обладают целебными свойствами. При сборе растений требуется проявлять осторожность, учитывая наличие среди них опасных и ядовитых видов. The territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan is a region that is rich in flora and fauna. There are many types of medicinal plants useful for traditional medicine in our country. This makes it possible to create medicines aimed at preventing several diseases using medicinal plants in our country. However, no matter what the flora is, from year-to-year climate change and external influences lead to their numbers declining. To prevent this, it is necessary to use properly and plant natural medicinal plants. A number of laws and decisions related to the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan are being developed in order to protect medicinal plants in the Republic of Uzbekistan from various dangers and use them in a beneficial way. These decisions are as follows: "On strengthening nature protection and improving the usage of natural resources", "On improving the protection of forests and the usage of forest resources". It is desirable to learn about some medicinal plants found in our country and their medicinal properties and usage for various purposes. There are many wonderful tools that nature has given us, unfortunately, we cannot learn them enough and apply them in our lives. If we knew all these things and knew how to use them, natural medicines would help us in our lives, but not chemical products. Herbs are used to treat people and animals, to prevent diseases, as well as in the food, perfumery, and cosmetic industries. It has been determined that there are 10-12 thousand species of medicinal plants on the earth. The chemical, pharmacological, and properties of more than 1000 types of plants have been investigated. There are more than 700 species of medicinal plants in Uzbekistan. About 120 species of cultivated plants grown in natural conditions are used in scientific and folk medicine. Currently, about 40-47% of medicines used in medicine are obtained from plant raw materials. Plants are living natural chemical laboratories with complex 122 Жамият ва инновациялар – Общество и инновации – Society and innovations Special Issue – 03 (2024) / ISSN 2181-1415 structures and the ability to create complex organic substances or compounds from simple inorganic substances. Dried herbs, shoots, roots, rhizomes, buds, bulbs, barks, leaves, flowers, buds, fruits (seeds), seeds, juice, pulp, essential oil, etc. are used medicinally. Medicinal plants are classified in two different ways: 1) depending on the composition of active substances – alkaloids, glycosides, essential oils, vitamins, etc. 2) depending on their pharmacological properties – sedative, analgesic, hypnotic, affecting the cardiovascular system, central nervous system stimulant, hypotensive, etc. The effect of medicinal plants on the body depends on the number of chemical compounds in its composition. These compounds accumulate in various parts of the plant. The period of high effectiveness and quality of the drug corresponds to the time of the beginning of their flowering and seeding period. Medicinal substances are stored in the bud, leaf or stem of some plants, in the flower or fruit of some plants, in the root or bark of some plants. Therefore, the part of plants with the most biologically active substances is harvested. Roots, rhizomes, bulbs and buds of plants are usually prepared during the period when the plant goes into sleep – in late autumn or before the plant wakes up – in early spring. The fruits and seeds of the plant are collected when they are ripe, because they are rich in medicinal substances at this time. Freshly harvested medicinal plant product contains moisture (up to 85% in the above-ground organs, up to 45% in the roots). If this moisture is not removed (by drying), the plant will rot and the medicinal substances will break down and become unusable. Medicinal herbs have been used in the treatment of diseases since ancient times. Works containing information about medicinal plants were written in the countries of India, China, and Ancient Egypt 3-4 thousand years ago. In the East, especially in the folk medicine of Central Asia, treatment using medicinal plants has its own ancient traditions. Regarding the use of