THE IMPACT OF THE MENTOR-APPRENTICE SYSTEM ON LABOR PRODUCTIVITY AND MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY IN UZBEKISTAN’S CIVIL SERVICE

Аннотация

INTRODUCTION apprentice” is used mainly in the spheres of The methodological foundations of the effective production and business management, and it is organization of the state civil service in the hardly used in the process of management conditions of the establishment of the new activities (except in special cases). The “mentor- Uzbekistan and ensuring the effectiveness of the apprentice” relationship dates back to ancient activities of civil servants are based on the works times and is associated with the tradition of of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh.M. experienced masters passing on their knowledge, Mirziyoev. In this regard, the principle that “the skills and abilities to their students. For example, people should serve our people, not the public in ancient Greece, mentoring was the main element authorities, the public authorities should serve our of philosophical education, and philosophers such people” is of great importance. as Aristotle, Socrates, and Plato attached special Historically and now, the institution of “mentor- https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajssei 36 THE USA JOURNALS THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND EDUCATION INNOVATIONS (ISSN- 2689-100X) VOLUME 06 ISSUE09 importance to educating their students based on THE MAIN FINDINGS AND RESULTS their experiences and skills based on dialogue and In the scientific literature, the mentor-apprentice discussion. In the Middle Ages, the institution of mechanism is considered as an important tool for “mentor-apprentice” existed, including craft rooms economic and professional development, and its (workshops), where masters taught their importance in the development of apprentices the secrets of craftsmanship. entrepreneurship and increase in production The economic aspects of the “mentor-apprentice” efficiency is shown. For example, according to a institute are generally analyzed in the works of study by the National Bureau of Economic classical scientific researchers, and relevant Research (NBER), mentoring significantly conclusions are based. Adam Smith, a increases the chances of success, especially in the representative of the classical school, in his work early stages of startups. It helps entrepreneurs entitled “Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the avoid common mistakes, accelerate access to Wealth of Nations”, mentions the importance of funding and encourage faster time-to-market[4]. division of labor and training on the job, which can Also, systematic reviews show that mentor- be seen as an indirect recognition of mentorship. apprentice programs significantly improve He emphasized that the experience gained during educational and social outcomes. These programs training and work significantly increases labor reduce the likelihood of engaging in antisocial productivity. Alfred Marshall, representative of the behavior and increase the chances of achieving a neoclassical school, focused on the role of human successful career. These will have a positive effect capital and education in economic development in on the overall economy in the long run[5]. his book “Principles of Economics” [1], his ideas Historically, the tradition of “mentor-apprentice” are focused on supporting the concept of in Uzbekistan has a very rich history, and the mentorship, that imparting knowledge and opportunities of this institution were widely used accumulated experience to followers in turn plays in entrepreneurship, agriculture, trade and other an important role in economic growth and fields. It should be noted that this tradition is increased production. The founder of the theory of widespread in private, that is, between father and innovation and entrepreneurship, Joseph son, mother and daughter, close relatives and close Schumpeter, in his work entitled “Theory of people. There is also rich experience in the Economic Development”[2], stated that mentoring direction of the “mentor-apprentice” institute. is a mechanism for the transfer of knowledge and According to Sohibqiran Amir Temur, “in my experience by experienced entrepreneurs to new, experience, a businessman, a man of courage and unskilled entrepreneurs, which helps the creation determination, a determined, enterprising and and development of innovative companies. alert person is better than thousands and Friedrich Hayek, a representative of the Austrian thousands of inactive and indifferent people. school, paid great attention to the process of Because one experienced person gives work to a dissemination of knowledge in society, including in thousand people” [6], his work entitled “The Application of Knowledge in The generalization of foreign and national Society”[3], he emphasized the importance of experience and the results of our research on the informal structures and mechanisms that help “mentor-apprentice” Institute show that this transfer knowledge and experience, which can be institute has a significant impact on the labor seen as supporting the institut