Строение и свойства лигнинов злаковых растений - риса, кукурузы, сорго

Аннотация

Subjects of the inquiry: rice straw and husk, stalks of com and stalks of sorghum, hydrolytic lignin of rice husk and their derivatives. Aim of the inquiry: research of features of a chemical structure of the lignin annual cereals, chemical updating of the lignins and lignocelluloses, research of physical and chemical properties and revealing of biological activity of the hydrolytic lignin and their derivatives. Method of the inquiry: analytical, physical and chemical, chemical. The results achieved and their novelty: for the first time comparative research natural and allocated of the lignin cereals is carried out - rice, com, sorghum. It is established, that investigated lignin concern biopolymers consisting of p-oxyphcnyl, guaiacyl and syringyl monomer links and differ their parity from the lignin of malvaccous plants, and also from the lignin of the wood plants. By research of porous structure lignocellulose cereals for the first time it is established that investigated samples concern mczoporous sorbents, with a transitive time. For the first time comparative research of ion-exchange abilities lignocellulose of cereals arc revealed differences in their nature. On the basis of values of porous parameters found for the first time and exchange capabilities suitability lignocelluloses cereals for use as biosorbents is shown at sorptions of ion metals. Anticorrosive and antioxidant activity the ammonium derivative hydrolytic lignin is shown. Practical value: the results received in work expand representations about a chemical structure of thereby bring the contribution to chemistry development the lignin, and can form a theoretical basis of applied problems in this area. The ammonium derivatives of a hydrolytic lignin can be recommended for manufacture antioxidant preparations and as a filler of converters of rust in the water-oils environments. Degree of introduction and economic effectiveness: Arc available the conclusion about antioxidant and anticorrosive activity ammonium derivatives of a hydrolytic lignin. Field of application: science and education, the pharmaceutical and oil-extracting industry.