INSECTICIDE MEDOUZ, MD IN THE FIGHT AGAINST APPLE CODLING MOTH AND APHIDS ON APPLE TREES

Аннотация

INTRODUCTION fertility. Consequently, the introduction of new To ensure food safety worldwide, research is being classes of pesticides with different mechanisms of conducted on advanced technologies for the action, high selectivity, and low toxicity to warm- cultivation of agricultural products and their blooded organisms has become increasingly protection from harmful organisms. However, a relevant. portion of the produce grown in orchards is lost due to the impact of these harmful organisms. Globally, the development and application of new, Therefore, the distribution, damage, and bio- non-toxic plant protection products for humans ecological characteristics of apple pests, as well as and animals have become a priority. Research the effectiveness of entomophages in controlling focused on the creation of plant protection agents their population, and on this basis, the based on microorganisms and their metabolites, as improvement of an integrated pest control system well as the search for plant-derived substances for apples, have significant scientific and practical with potential pesticidal activity, is of particular importance. importance. However, research on the development of pesticides based on chemical Agriculture is a key sector in the economy of the compounds that offer high effectiveness, selectivity Republic of Uzbekistan. Modern agricultural for target applications, and rapid environmental production technologies, based on the widespread breakdown continues. use of pesticides and mineral fertilizers, have largely solved the problem of food security but Ensuring national food security, producing have also created multiple ecological, medical, and environmentally friendly products, significantly environmental issues, including concerns about increasing export potential in the agro-industrial environmentally friendly and biologically sound complex, expanding new intensive orchards, food, land rehabilitation, and restoration of soil creating and introducing new pest-resistant crop https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajabe 11 THE USA JOURNALS THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (ISSN – 2689-1018) VOLUME 06 ISSUE09 varieties that are suitable for local soil and climatic effectiveness of biopreparations against the conditions are among the pressing tasks of the American white moth. In 1986-1987, employees of modern era. Significant resources have been the Institute of Zoology of the Academy of Sciences allocated to achieve these goals, with support of Ukraine applied lepidocid at a rate of 1.5 kg/ha provided to fruit farmers, resulting in substantial against orchard pests, achieving 84.0-90.0% outcomes. Uzbek horticultural products are in effectiveness [6, 10]. demand on the global market, with food and fruit- Although a complete abandonment of chemical vegetable exports reaching around $5 billion. Over methods in orchards and vineyards is currently the past three years, the volume of exported impossible, a shift towards biological protection agricultural products has more than tripled. Our has resulted in a threefold reduction in pesticide country exports more than 180 types of premium use. The feasibility of biological protection is also fruits and vegetables, as well as processed confirmed by increased production profitability. products, to 80 countries worldwide. Uzbekistan For example, in Primorye, profitability from ranks among the top ten countries globally in terms chemical methods was 19.5%, from the combined of export volumes for apricots, plums, grapes, nuts, use of biological and chemical methods – 26%, and cabbage, and numerous other fruits and vegetables from the biological method alone – 36.7% [2, 4]. [14]. Among fruit crops and grapevines, mites are some In the 21st century, the FAO experts recognize the of the most dangerous pests. Biological control integrated plant protection concept as the leading methods for these crops are not as well-developed approach to addressing food security issues [14, as those for pests belonging to the insect class. 15]. Some studies have noted the impact of leaf To preserve the ecological sustainability potential hairiness on the population of spider mites on of plants, including their resistance to pathogens, grapes, where varieties with weak and medium the use of pesticides should be minimized. hairiness are particularly affected by mites, while Organophosphorus insectoacaricides, which can varieties with felted hairiness are less damaged [1]. block the function of key oxidative-reductive METHODS enzymes responsible for ecological stability, including resistance to pathogens, are particularly The insecticide Medouz, MD was tested in a hazardous for plants [11, 12]. vigorous apple orchard belonging to the farmer's enterprise “Kuzibayev Jamolbek” located in the The requirements for pesticide registration are Shavat district of Khorezm region. The area is becoming increasingly stringent. For example, in situated in th