Комплексная гидрометеорологическая оценка состояния горных прорывоопасных озер и меры по уменьшению их риска (на примере оз. Курбанкуль)

Аннотация

Subjects of research: natural dammed lakes in Uzbekistan and neighboring mountainous areas, the system of Kurbankul dammed lakes. Purpose of work: complex hydrometeorological estimation of conditions of mountainous dammed lakes in Uzbekistan and surrounding areas, developing of scientifically well-founded proposals for reducing of their outburst risks. Methods of research: hydrometeorological analysis, hydrological and hydrogeological calculations, topographic and cartographic methods, geographical similarity and comparisons, mathematic statistics. The results obtained and their novelty: mountainous dammed lakes were investigated on the basis of hydrometeorological approach, the regularity of their geographical distribution was founded; morphometric indicators of the dammed lake were defined, parameters of landslide dam of the Kurbankul lake were researched; the bottom sediment of the lake was calculated and it’s dynamics was researched; safety extreme water level was defined; factors controlling stability of main dam of the Kurbankul lakes system were characterized, which define the stability of main dam of lake system Kurbankul, the stability of the dam was defined; scientifically well-founded recommendations were worked out and the offers for reducing risk of the main dam failure. Practical value: the results of dissertation, scientific-methodical recommendations and offers may be used in academic process, on working out the measures on prevention of catastrophic floods, which are possible after dammed lakes outburst, the recommendations can be used by Government committee of hydrometeorology, by organizations of civil protection and for organization of monitoring of dangerous lakes. Degree of embed and economic effectiveness: the results of dissertation arc included into academic process of Fergana State University and National University of Uzbekistan named by after Mirzo Ulugbek. The results of the research arc used by Fergana regional office of the Ministry to extraordinary situations of Republic of Uzbekistan. Field of application: hydrological calculations and forecasts, protection of economic structures and inhabited places.