АВТОМОБИЛЬНЫЕ ДОРОГИ И ИХ ЗНАЧЕНИЕ В СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ЖИЗНИ

Аннотация

The role of highways in the economic development of the republic, the modern state of the highway network of the Republic of Uzbekistan, modern highways, construction of Uzbek national highways, road policy in the Republic. Key words: car, road, road network, highway, road condition, road network development. АВТОМОБИЛЬНЫЕ ДОРОГИ И ИХ ЗНАЧЕНИЕ В СОЦИАЛЬНО- ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ЖИЗНИ Аннотация. Роль автомобильных дорог в экономическом развитии республики, современное состояние сети автомобильных дорог Республики Узбекистан, современные автомобильные дороги, строительство узбекских национальных автомагистралей, дорожная политика в республике. Ключевые слова: автомобиль, дорога, дорожная сеть, автомагистраль, состояние дорог, развитие дорожной сети. The role of highways in the economic development of the republic. According to the decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan PF-535 of December 20, 2006, "The program for the development of public highways of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2007-2010 and in the long- term future", the construction of international transport corridors that provide the conditions for the economic development of the republic, transit and issues such as ensuring reliable transport connections between regions, forming a unified transport environment of the republic, restoring the Great Silk Road and entering the world market are defined as the priority tasks of the state road policy. The practical solution to these tasks is to improve the quality of transport and use of the existing road network, to harmonize the technical and operational conditions of the roads with the requirements of road users, to ensure the comfort and safety of the driving conditions of cars, and to effectively organize road maintenance works. requires. The economic development and progress of our republic depends, first of all, on the state of transport communications. As stated by the first President I. Karimov, "Now that we are an independent country, first of all we need to put communications in place." If communication networks do not develop, Uzbekistan will not have a future. 47 30-Sentabr, 2024-Yil Development of transport communications and improvement of their use is one of the most urgent tasks in strengthening the independence of our Republic and developing its economy. The fact that 83 percent of national economy goods transported by transport across the republic is accounted for by highways shows that highways are one of the main factors in the development of the republic's economy. The geographical location of the republic requires that the main transport corridors for entering the world market and developing foreign economic relations are roads and railways. Establishing international transport corridors that provide the conditions for the economic development of the republic, ensuring transit and reliable transport connections between regions, forming a single transport environment of the republic that is externally integrated and internally integrated, in addition, the restoration of the Great Silk Road and the world issues such as entering the market are among the priority tasks of the state road policy. 2. Modern state of the highway network of the Republic of Uzbekistan. At the beginning of the century, there were 27,000 kilometers of horse and cart roads in Uzbekistan, and by 1927, the total length of state roads in Central Asia was 5,313 km, including 923 km in Uzbekistan. reached In 1931, a new method of gravel coating was tested at the road test site in Samarkand. In some places, the bitumen dilution method fully justified itself. In 1932, roads were built in this way in Bukhara as well. In 1932, with the opening of an oil field rich in heavy tar in the south of Uzbekistan (Jharkurghan), it began to be used instead of liquid bitumen. In 1928-1932, the first Bukhara-Gizhduvan-Kyziltepa black-surfaced road with a length of 62 km was built in Uzbekistan, in the same years Samarkand-Panjakent, Piskent-Almaliq, Tashkent-Piskent- Murotali, with a length of 48 km, KokanShorsuv-Andijan-Kuyganyar and other roads were built. In 1937, there were 22,000 road junctions in the Republic, including 2,200 km of paved roads. In 1933-37, the length of paved roads accounted for 8% of the total road network. In 1939, the construction of large structures using the Xalq Hashar road became popular in Uzbekistan, and this method was also widely used in road construction. In 1940, a special decision was made to build the Great Uzbek Tract with a length of 708 km. 326 km of this road were built by Tashkent, 222 km by Samarkand, and 162 km by Bukhara regions, and the construction was completed in April 1941. By the end of 1940, the road network with a hard surface was 4700 km. Years, the total length of roads, roads of international importance, roads of state importance, roads of regional importance, roads of local importance, roads with cement concrete pavement, roads with asphalt concrete pavement, roads with bl