Английский язык для специальных целей

Аннотация

Ключевые слова: В данной статье, рассматривается роль английского Aнглийский для языка в мировом языковом пространстве, его значимость специальных целей (ESP), для всемирного общения в эпоху глобализации. Описаны профессиональная вопросы возникновения и развития понятия «язык для компетенция, цели обучения, специальных целей». Анализируются различные подходы к функции и роли учителя, его определению, уточняется объем понятия и его место в мотивация, современной лингвистике. профессия, интерес. In the 21st century, the processes of globalization and integration have affected all spheres of human life and marked the beginning of a new era, when the need for professionally oriented communication becomes dominant [1]. The modern, constantly changing reality makes high demands on specialists who must not only have professional skills and abilities, but also be highly qualified specialists in the field of language communication. Language as the main means of communication serves as a kind of mirror reflecting the changes taking place in society. Currently, English is a mixed language, it is assigned the role of a world language [2], therefore, English proficiency is the path to knowledge, education, technology and scientific progress, business and international trade. Since there are several fields of activity, education, science, etc., he came to represent a type of language that could suit each area, so English for Professional Purposes (ESP) appeared, which refers to the teaching or learning of a language for a specific field. (for example, law, medicine or for business in general) [3]. The emergence of such a direction as ESP (English for specific purposes), i.e. English for special purposes, shows that the need for teaching a specialized language is constantly growing, as a result, new problems arise, actual goals and objectives are indicated, both for students. and for teachers. The term ESP appeared in the language no more than 60 years ago after World War II, when fundamental changes took place in the global geopolitical situation. Language learning approaches and learning objectives have been changed to match new trends in economics, trade and politics. Today, knowledge of a foreign language, and in particular English, is considered not only the basis for better communication, but also an important source of technological progress, since it allows you to quickly exchange information and explore common global problems. The development of language skills is aimed at actively expanding students’ knowledge of the English language. In higher educational institutions, in the classroom, language courses, texts are always used for specific professional areas (architecture, business, civil engineering, electronics, ecology, management, etc.). Such texts of a professional orientation, as a rule, should be focused on the communication needs of students of a particular university. However, teaching English for professional purposes involves much more than teaching English through specific materials and content. Professional English teaching combines the development of linguistic skills and the acquisition of specific information. It is believed that even homework should be related to both the specialty and the skills mentioned. 371 Жамият ва инновациялар – Общество и инновации – Society and innovations Special Issue – 11 (2021) / ISSN 2181-1415 English for Specific Purposes includes: – English for Academic Purposes (EAP) – English for academic purposes so that students can read texts, attend lectures, take exams, etc. – English for Professional Purposes (EPP) – English for professional goals related to the specifics of the work of students. The composition of the EPP includes English for Business (EFB) – Business English and many other varieties of the English language. [5] The main characteristics of the ESP are: – a limited set of words and expressions, selected from the language as a whole, since a limited set of words satisfies the requirement of representing fragments of a specialized picture of the world; – ESP uses vocabulary lexical units that are not found in other areas, but the set of syntactic constructions is universal for a particular language in general; – ESP is used for accurate, unambiguous transmission of information. Thus, we can conclude that it belongs to a certain area of knowledge and its characteristics are: – accuracy and unambiguity; – neutrality; – practical (applied) nature [6]. With regard to the syntactic characteristics of ESP, then for it are characteristic: – rather long sentences with a large number of subordinate clauses with both a compositional and a subordinate link, the use of introductory words and structures; – passive voice of verbs; – substantiation; – a large number of definitions (attributes) [6]. ESP is taught in many universities around the world. Many professional associations of English teachers (TESOL, IATEFL) have ESP sections. Much attention is paid to the design