Общая информация о детских опухолях почек (нефробластома)

Аннотация

Калит сўзлар: Нефробластома – бу юқори хавфлиликка эга бўлган нефробластома, эмбрионал ўсма бўлиб, буйракнинг ривожланаётган болаликдаги ўсма, тўқималаридан келиб чиқади. Касаллик 5 ёшгача бўлган болалардаги болаларда сийдик-таносил трактининг кенг тарқалган нефробластома, болаликдаги хавфли ўсмаси бўлиб, ўғил болалар ва қиз болаларда бир нефробластома частотаси, хилда тарқалган бўлади. Бу касаллик онанинг ёши ва хавфли ўсмалар, болани Вильмс нефробластомаси билан туғилиш эхтимоли нефробластома орасидаги муносабатлар кўпинча туғма нуқсонлар билан эпидемиологияси. бирга келиши мумкин. Нефробластома учун гематоген ва 1 Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Oncology and Radiology, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. 2 Urgench Branch of the Tashkent Medical Academy, Urgench, Uzbekistan. Жамият ва инновациялар – Общество и инновации – Society and innovations Special Issue – 7 (2021) / ISSN 2181-1415 лимфоген метастазланиш хос бўлиб, лимфоген метастазланиш эрта юзага келади. Кўпинча буйрак дарвозаси, парааортал ва жигар дарвоза соҳасида жойлашган лимфа тугунлар жароҳатланади. Гематоген метастазланиш ҳолатлари асосан ўпкага, кам ҳолларда жигарга метастаз беради. Общая информация о детских опухолях почек (нефробластома) АННОТАЦИЯ Ключевые слова: Нефробластома – это эмбриональная опухоль высокого нефробластома, риска, которая возникает из развивающейся ткани почки. опухоли в детском Заболевание представляет собой распространенную возрасте, злокачественную опухоль урогенитального тракта у детей нефробластома у детей, частота нефробластомы в до 5 лет и в равной степени встречается у мальчиков и детском возрасте, девочек. Связь между возрастом матери и вероятностью злокачественные опухоли, рождения ребенка с нефробластомой Вильмса часто может эпидемиология сопровождаться врожденными дефектами. Гематогенные и нефробластомы. лимфогенные метастазы характерны для нефробластомы, а лимфогенные метастазы возникают рано. Чаще всего поражаются лимфатические узлы, расположенные в области воротного почечного, парааортального и печеночного ворот. Гематогенным путем в основном метастазируют в легкие, реже – в печень. Dramatic improvements in survival have been achieved for children and adolescents with cancer. Between 1975 and 2010, childhood cancer mortality decreased by more than 50% [1]. For children younger than 15 years with Wilms tumor, the 5-year survival rate has increased over the same time from 74% to 88% [12]. Childhood and adolescent cancer survivors require close monitoring because cancer therapy side effects may persist or develop months or years after treatment. Childhood kidney cancers account for about 7% of all childhood cancers. Most childhood kidney cancers are Wilms tumor, but in the 15- to 19-year age group, most tumors are renal cell carcinoma. Wilms tumor can affect one kidney (unilateral) or both kidneys (bilateral). Less common types of childhood kidney tumors include rhabdoid tumors, clear cell sarcoma, congenital mesoblastic nephroma, Ewing sarcoma of the kidney, primary renal myoepithelial carcinoma, cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma, multilocular cystic nephroma, primary renal synovial sarcoma, and anaplastic sarcoma. Nephroblastomatosis of the kidney is a type of nonmalignant neoplasia [23]. Wilms tumor is the most frequent tumor of the kidney in infants and children. The incidence of Wilms tumor is 8.2 cases for every 1 million children younger than 15 years, or one case per 10,000 infants [1]. Approximately 650 cases of Wilms tumor are diagnosed in the United States each year. The incidence is substantially lower in Asians [12, 27]. The male to female ratio in unilateral cases of Wilms tumor is 0.92 to 1.00, but in bilateral cases, it is 0.60 to 1.00. The mean age at diagnosis is 44 months in unilateral cases and 31 months in bilateral cases of Wilms tumor [11, 25] About 10% of children with Wilms tumor have an associated congenital malformation syndrome [18]. 180 Жамият ва инновациялар – Общество и инновации – Society and innovations Special Issue – 7 (2021) / ISSN 2181-1415 Wilms tumor is the most frequent tumor of the kidney in infants and children. The incidence of Wilms tumor is 8.2 cases for every 1 million children younger than 15 years, or one case per 10,000 infants.[12] Approximately 650 cases of Wilms tumor are diagnosed in the United States each year. The incidence is substantially lower in Asians [27]. The male to female ratio in unilateral cases of Wilms tumor is 0.92 to 1.00, but in bilateral cases, it is 0.60 to 1.00. The mean age at diagnosis is 44 months in unilateral cases and 31 months in bilateral cases of Wilms tumor. About 10% of children with Wilms tumor have an associated congenital malformation syndrome. [11, 25]. Wilms tumor typically develops in otherwise healthy children without any predisposition to developing cancer; however, approximately 10% of children with Wilms tumor have been reported to have a congenital anomaly [17, 18]. In patients w