Повышение качества обучения на уроках русского языка и литературы

Аннотация

Ключевые слова: В статье исследуются проблемы, возникающие в современное образование, образовательном процессе и пути их решения, пути качество знаний, повышения качества обучения, требования к учителю в психологические современном образовании. проблемы, групповые технологии, современный подход к обучению, устные методы. The quality of education is one of the main problems of modern educational institutions. Kipling wrote, “Education is the greatest blessing in the world, if it is of the highest quality. Otherwise, it’s completely useless” [12]. Today, the main goal of education is not only the accumulation of a certain amount of knowledge, skills, and abilities by students, but also the preparation of the student as an independent subject of educational activity. At the heart of modern education is the activity of both the teacher and, no less important, the student. It is this goal - the upbringing of a creative, active personality who knows how to learn, improve independently, and the main tasks of modern education are subordinate. After all, as Bernard Shaw said: "The only path leading to knowledge is activity”. “All children by nature have a predisposition, a desire for knowledge, all of them can be taught”, Y.A. Komensky insisted in a number of sections of his “Great Didactics”. Comenius attached decisive importance in the prevention of academic failure to the correct formulation of the process of teaching and upbringing. The problem of children’s academic failure and how to prevent it has long worried teachers. Today we are dealing with an avalanche-like growth of schoolchildren’s academic failure. UNSUFFICIENCY – a lag in learning, in which the student does not master the knowledge provided by the curriculum at a satisfactory level in the allotted time. Contrary to popular belief, poor performance in schoolchildren is not always explained by low mental abilities or unwillingness to learn. The failure of schoolchildren is naturally associated with their individual characteristics and with the conditions in which their development proceeds. There are two groups of main reasons for the existing gaps in learners’ knowledge: 1) internal, subjective, emanating mainly from the student himself; 2) external, objective, mostly independent of the student. One of the most common internal reasons for academic failure is insufficient development of thinking and other cognitive processes in schoolchildren, the unpreparedness of these children for intense intellectual work in the learning process (mental retardation from their peers). These children are excitable, easily injured. They get tired quickly. Therefore, it is necessary to create such a microclimate in the classroom so that both they and their comrades do not feel a big difference in their mental development, to exclude any humiliation and contempt for them. 229 Жамият ва инновациялар – Общество и инновации – Society and innovations Special Issue – 5 (2021) / ISSN 2181-1415 Another subjective reason due to which some of our students do not have time is the low level of skills in the educational work of schoolchildren (inattention in the classroom, lack of understanding until the end of the material presented). Misunderstandings are mainly due to knowledge gaps. In this case, you can suggest the following: Paired dialogues (check theoretical knowledge) at the beginning of the lesson, Collective lesson in alternating pairs: The goal is to bypass as many of your comrades as possible, and they, in turn, prepare questions at home. Group work. When practicing practical skills on a topic, mixed groups are created. The work is carried out by the method of discussion. The identification of the reasons for academic failure is due to the need to find the right ways to overcome this problem. In order to improve the quality of students’ knowledge, the following should be used in the classroom: • High quality preparation for the lesson. • Psychological approach to the lesson, the learning process. • Knowledge quality control. • Teacher’s personality, his authority New educational technologies and their individual elements, which are actively used in Russian language and literature classes, as well as in extracurricular activities, will help to successfully solve this problem. Active use of the following educational technologies leads to the solution of these problems: – group technologies (pair, group work); – problem-solving lessons; – differentiated educational technologies; – integration technology; – Technology of game methods; Couple collaboration is an ideal form for collaboration and mutual support. In a pair, students can check each other out, reinforce new material, and review past. The following types of assignments are used in oral work: 1. Peer review of the rule (oral questioning). Tells the student next to the rule, gives examples, explains them. Then the students switch roles, evaluate each other. The teacher can ask any couple. 2. The same task is sligh