ОСНОВНЫЕ БОЛЕЗНИ КОСТОЧКОВЫХ ПЛОДОВЫХ КУЛЬТУР И РАЗРАБОТКА МЕР БОРЬБЫ С НИМИ

Аннотация

Subjects of research:, Stone fruit tress, diseases, pathogens Clasterosporium, Taphrina deformans, Monilia, Taphrina pruni, Cytospora, fungicides. Purpose of investigations: The objective of present work was the detection and identification of main diseases of stone fruit tress in different soil-climatic conditions of Uzbekistan republic, their distribution, study of some issues of the of causal fungi, bioecology, resistance of various varieties of stone fruit tress, study of the influence of agrotcchnical and chemical control measures on diseases. Methods of research: The phytophatological and mycological investigations were carried out according to methods described by T.M.Khokhryakova (1968), N.M.Pidoplichko (1977, 1978) and M.K.Khokhryakov and others (1984). Fungicides were tested in accordance with methods of B.B.Kosov, I.Y.Polyakov (1958), K.M.Stepanov, A.E.Chumakov, (1972) and A.E.Chumakov, I.LMinkevich (1974). Data were tested for statistical significance in accordance with methods of B.A. Dospckhov (1979). The results obtained and their novelty: The areal of diseases stone fruit tress had been detected, some issues of bioccology of the causal fungi had been studied, the degree of resistance of stone fruit tress had been identified, various agrotcchnical and chemical methods for control of main diseases of stone fruit tress had been studied. Practical value: To control diseases of stone fruit tress and for saving their yields some agricultural measures and sprays with Stroby 50 WDG (0,2 kg/ha), Vectra 10 SC (0,3 It/ha), Topas 10 EC (0,4 It/ha) and Folicur ВТ, 22,5 EC (0,4 It/ha) were recommended. Degree of introduction into practice and economic efficacy: Some agricultural measures and method of chemical control by spraying with fungicides Stroby 50 WDG (0,2 kg/ha), Vectra 10 SC (0,3 It/ha), Topas 10 EC (0,4 It/ha) and Folicur ВТ, 22,5 EC (0,4 It/ha) were introduced into practice of orchard farms. Chemical control gives a profit as additional yields equal to 378,000 to 4,800,000 soums/ha. Field of application: Horticulture farms in the Republic of Uzbekistan