ГАРМОНИЗАЦИЯ ВОЗОБНОВЛЯЕМОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ С СОХРАНЕНИЕМ: ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТЕЙ ПОСРЕДСТВОМ ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯ СОЛНЕЧНЫХ ФЕРМ

Аннотация

Competition among land uses is making it increasingly difficult to set aside adequate space for wildlife and nature conservation, so it is imperative that opportunities that simultaneously achieve commercial and conservation outcomes be identified and seized. Such opportunities exist in the renewable energy industry. It is widely recognized that renewable energy generation benefits the ecosphere through reduced carbon emissions, but currently, further opportunities for realizing direct and indirect conservation benefits through the design of solar farms are less well known. Among other opportunities, solar farm designs that deliver environmental credits through carbon sequestration and biodiversity improvements can deliver higher financial returns. Other opportunities to improve local hydrology, pollination, and pest control services could be available depending on site-specific characteristics where solar farms are built and the other land use practices that exist or are possible in the immediate vicinity. Keywords: Renewable energy, Solar farms, Conservation, Biodiversity, Urban green spaces, Energy mix, Public and media relations, Sustainable development. ГАРМОНИЗАЦИЯ ВОЗОБНОВЛЯЕМОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ С СОХРАНЕНИЕМ: ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТЕЙ ПОСРЕДСТВОМ ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯ СОЛНЕЧНЫХ ФЕРМ Аннотация. Конкуренция среди землепользователей делает все более трудным выделение достаточного пространства для дикой природы и охраны природы, поэтому крайне важно выявлять и использовать возможности, которые одновременно достигают коммерческих и природоохранных результатов. Такие возможности существуют в отрасли возобновляемой энергетики. Широко признано, что производство возобновляемой энергии приносит пользу экосфере за счет сокращения выбросов углекислого газа, но в настоящее время дальнейшие возможности реализации прямых и косвенных природоохранных выгод за счет проектирования солнечных ферм менее известны. Помимо других возможностей, проекты солнечных электростанций, обеспечивающие экологический эффект за счет секвестрации углерода и улучшения биоразнообразия, могут принести более высокую финансовую отдачу. Другие возможности для улучшения местных услуг по гидрологии, опылению и борьбе с вредителями могут быть доступны в зависимости от конкретных характеристик участка, где построены солнечные фермы, и других методов землепользования, которые существуют или возможны в непосредственной близости. 1 25 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2024 VOLUME 3 / ISSUE 8 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ Ключевые слова: Возобновляемая энергия, Солнечные фермы, Сохранение биоразнообразия, Городские зеленые насаждения, Энергетический баланс, Связи с общественностью и СМИ, Устойчивое развитие. 1. Introduction As countries face the need to reduce exposure to volatile fossil fuel energy prices and greenhouse gas emissions and improve the security of energy supplies, renewable energy sources are becoming increasingly important. The European Renewable Energy Council (2010) has set out a 100% renewable energy vision for The European Union and has analyzed ‘the economic, environmental and social benefits likely to accompany such a transition.’ Arguably more realistically, if less ambitiously, the U.K. Government is committed to meeting 15% of the nation’s energy needs from renewable sources by 2020 as part of its strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and reduce dependency on imported energy supplies. Looking further ahead, the U.K. government has suggested that ‘renewables will also have a crucial role to play in the U.K. energy mix in the decades beyond, making the most of the U.K.’s abundant natural resources’ (Gov. UK 2013). One of the core principles within the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) is that ‘planning should.....support the transition to a low carbon future in a changing climate’ by, inter alia, ‘the development of renewable energy’ (Department for Communities and Local Government 2012). More specifically, the NPPF stresses the need ‘to help increase the supply of renewable and low carbon energy, local authorities should recognize the responsibility on all communities to contribute to energy generation from renewable and low carbon sources’ The development of energy resources has traditionally had a wide range of contested impacts on the economy, the environment and everyday life, focused for example, on nuclear power and the reprocessing of nuclear fuels, major oil spills in marine environments, the closure of coal mines and the effect on coalfield communities and more recently on the fracking of oil shales. Many of the leading public and media relations firms have been working on fossil fuel energy issues for many years, and this work has often been managed in an atmosphere of intense and occasionally hostile public and media scrutiny. The mix of renewable energy resources currently includes wind, hydro-electric, tidal, biomass, and solar power, but a recent study of communication best p